进程间复杂数据类型传递

进程间复杂数据类型传递涉及服务端和客户端

1. 服务端

1> 目录结构

2> 传递的数据类Person

package com.zhangchao.aidl;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

public class Person implements Parcelable {
	private String name;
	private int sex;

	public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Parcelable.Creator<Person>() {

		@Override
		public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
			return new Person(source);
		}

		@Override
		public Person[] newArray(int size) {
			return new Person[size];
		}
	};

	public Person() {
	}

	public Person(Parcel source) {
		readFormParcel(source);
	}

	@Override
	public int describeContents() {
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
		dest.writeString(this.name);
		dest.writeInt(this.sex);
	}

	public void readFormParcel(Parcel source) {
		this.name = source.readString();
		this.sex = source.readInt();
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public int getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(int sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

}

3> Person.aidl文件

package com.zhangchao.aidl;
parcelable Person;

4> IGreetService.aidl

package com.zhangchao.aidl;
import com.zhangchao.aidl.Person;

interface IGreetService{
	String greet(in Person person);
}

5> AIDLService实现类

package com.zhangchao.ipcserver;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

import com.zhangchao.aidl.IGreetService;
import com.zhangchao.aidl.Person;

public class AIDLService extends Service {
	private static final String TAG = "AIDLService"; 
	IGreetService.Stub stub = new IGreetService.Stub() {
		
		@Override
		public String greet(Person person) throws RemoteException {
			Log.i(TAG, "greet(Person person) called");
			String greeting = "hello" + person.getName();
			switch(person.getSex()) {
			case 0:
				greeting = greeting + " , you're handsome.";
				break;
			case 1:
				greeting = greeting + " , you're beautiful.";
				break;
			}
			return greeting;
		}
	};
	
	
	@Override
	public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
		Log.i(TAG, "onBind() called");
		return stub;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
		Log.i(TAG, "onUnbind() called");
		return true;
	}
}

6> 在AndroidManifest.xml中注册服务

        <service 
            android:name=".AIDLService">
            <intent-filter >
                <action android:name="com.zhangchao.ipcserver.AIDLService"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

2. 客户端

1> 目录结构

2> Person.java, Person.aidl, IGreetService.aidl直接从服务端连同包一起复制到客户端

3> 客户端实现类

package com.zhangchao.ipcclient;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.zhangchao.aidl.IGreetService;
import com.zhangchao.aidl.Person;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
	private Button btBind;
	private Button btUnbind;
	private Button btGreet;
	private IGreetService mService = null;
	private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {

		@Override
		public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
			Log.i("ServiceConnection", "onServiceDisconnected() called");
		}

		@Override
		public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
			Log.i("ServiceConnection", "onServiceConnected() called");
			mService = IGreetService.Stub.asInterface(service);
		}
	};

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		btBind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind);
		btBind.setOnClickListener(this);
		btUnbind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.unbind);
		btUnbind.setOnClickListener(this);
		btGreet = (Button) findViewById(R.id.greet);
		btGreet.setOnClickListener(this);
		btBind.setEnabled(true);
		btUnbind.setEnabled(false);
		btGreet.setEnabled(false);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.bind:
			bindService(new Intent("com.zhangchao.ipcserver.AIDLService"),
					conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
			btBind.setEnabled(false);
			btUnbind.setEnabled(true);
			btGreet.setEnabled(true);
			break;
		case R.id.unbind:
			unbindService(conn);
			btBind.setEnabled(true);
			btUnbind.setEnabled(false);
			btGreet.setEnabled(false);
			break;
		case R.id.greet:
			Person person = new Person();
			person.setName("zhangchao");
			person.setSex(0);
			try {
				String retValue = mService.greet(person);
				Toast.makeText(this, retValue, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			} catch (RemoteException e) {				
				Toast.makeText(this, "error", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			}
			break;
		}

	}

}

以上就实现了进程间复杂数据类型的传递，实现步骤总如下：
服务端：
1. 先实现需要传递的数据类，该类必须实现Parcelable接口；
2. 编写.aidl文件(eclipse会自动在gen目下生成对应的.java)；
3. 编写服务类，继承Service，覆写onBind/onUnbind方法，同时实例化AIDL对应的静态子类Stub；
4. 在AndroidManifest.xml中注册服务；
客户端：
1. 将服务端中的数据类以及.aidl连同包一起复制；
2. 实现调用类
1> 实例化ServiceConnection对象；
2> 覆写onServiceDisconnected/onServiceConnected方法,在onServiceConnected方法中调用Stub中的asInterface获取服务；
3> 通过bindService绑定服务；
4> 通过获取到的服务调用远程方法，实现进程间通讯；