因为DAO层基本的就是CRUD操作,变化不是很大,要是有变化的那就是查询。而确实没有必要为每一个实体写一个完整的DAO,但是没有还不行,那就“抽取”出来吧。而Service依赖与DAO层,有时就是简单调用一下,也确实没有必要每个都写。总之,不爱写多个,那就写一个通用的,而其他的继承或实现这个通用的可以了。
还是用代码说话吧。
- package org.monday.dao;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- import java.util.List;
- /**
- * BaseDAO 定义DAO的通用操作
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- public interface BaseDao<T> {
- public void save(T entity);
- public void update(T entity);
- public void delete(Serializable id);
- public T findById(Serializable id);
- public List<T> findByHQL(String hql, Object... params);
- }
上面的DAO只定义了一些常见的方法,有需要通用的方法,可以随便加,然后实现它就行了。
- package org.monday.dao.impl;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.hibernate.Query;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.monday.dao.BaseDao;
- /**
- * BaseDaoImpl 定义DAO的通用操作的实现
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public class BaseDaoImpl<T> implements BaseDao<T> {
- private Class<T> clazz;
- /**
- * 通过构造方法指定DAO的具体实现类
- */
- public BaseDaoImpl() {
- ParameterizedType type = (ParameterizedType) this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
- clazz = (Class<T>) type.getActualTypeArguments()[0];
- System.out.println("DAO的真实实现类是:" + this.clazz.getName());
- }
- /**
- * 向DAO层注入SessionFactory
- */
- @Resource
- private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
- /**
- * 获取当前工作的Session
- */
- protected Session getSession() {
- return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
- }
- public void save(T entity) {
- this.getSession().save(entity);
- }
- public void update(T entity) {
- this.getSession().update(entity);
- }
- public void delete(Serializable id) {
- this.getSession().delete(this.findById(id));
- }
- public T findById(Serializable id) {
- return (T) this.getSession().get(this.clazz, id);
- }
- public List<T> findByHQL(String hql, Object... params) {
- Query query = this.getSession().createQuery(hql);
- for (int i = 0; params != null && i < params.length; i++) {
- query.setParameter(i, params);
- }
- return query.list();
- }
- }
以上是BaseDao和它的实现类。
那下面以CustomerDao与OrderDao为例,编写具体的Dao
- package org.monday.dao;
- import org.monday.domain.Customer;
- /**
- * 客户DAO继承BaseDAO
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- public interface CustomerDao extends BaseDao<Customer> {
- /**
- * 若BaseDAO 没有定义的方法,可以在这里添加
- */
- }
- package org.monday.dao.impl;
- import org.monday.dao.CustomerDao;
- import org.monday.domain.Customer;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
- /**
- * 客户DAO的实现类 继承BaseDaoImpl 显示客户DAO接口
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- @Repository(value = "customerDao")
- public class CustomerDaoImpl extends BaseDaoImpl<Customer> implements CustomerDao {
- /**
- * 若CustomerDao 定义了BaseDAO没有的方法,则可以在这里实现
- */
- }
- package org.monday.dao;
- import org.monday.domain.Order;
- /**
- * 订单DAO继承BaseDAO
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- public interface OrderDao extends BaseDao<Order> {
- /**
- * 若BaseDAO 没有定义的方法,可以在这里添加
- */
- }
- package org.monday.dao.impl;
- import org.monday.dao.OrderDao;
- import org.monday.domain.Order;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
- /**
- * 订单DAO的实现类 继承BaseDaoImpl 显示订单DAO接口
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- @Repository(value = "orderDao")
- public class OrderDaoImpl extends BaseDaoImpl<Order> implements OrderDao {
- /**
- * 若OrderDao 定义了BaseDAO没有的方法,则可以在这里实现
- */
- }
至于具体的Service怎么写呢?看下面:
- package org.monday.service;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- import java.util.List;
- /**
- * BaseService 定义Service的通用操作
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- public interface BaseService<T> {
- public void save(T entity);
- public void update(T entity);
- public void delete(Serializable id);
- public T getById(Serializable id);
- public List<T> getByHQL(String hql, Object... params);
- }
- package org.monday.service.impl;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.monday.dao.BaseDao;
- import org.monday.service.BaseService;
- import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
- /**
- * BaseServiceImpl 定义Service的通用操作的实现
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- @Transactional
- public class BaseServiceImpl<T> implements BaseService<T> {
- /**
- * 注入BaseDao
- */
- private BaseDao<T> dao;
- @Resource
- public void setDao(BaseDao<T> dao) {
- this.dao = dao;
- }
- public void save(T entity) {
- dao.save(entity);
- }
- public void update(T entity) {
- dao.update(entity);
- }
- public void delete(Serializable id) {
- dao.delete(id);
- }
- public T getById(Serializable id) {
- return dao.findById(id);
- }
- public List<T> getByHQL(String hql, Object... params) {
- return dao.findByHQL(hql, params);
- }
- }
- package org.monday.service;
- import org.monday.domain.Customer;
- /**
- * 客户Service继承BaseService
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- public interface CustomerService extends BaseService<Customer> {
- /**
- * 若BaseService 没有定义的方法,可以在这里添加
- */
- }
- package org.monday.service.impl;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.monday.dao.BaseDao;
- import org.monday.domain.Customer;
- import org.monday.service.CustomerService;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
- /**
- * 客户Service的实现类 继承BaseServiceImpl 显示客户Service接口
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- @Service("customerService")
- @Transactional
- public class CustomerServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<Customer> implements CustomerService {
- /**
- * 注入DAO
- */
- @Resource(name = "customerDao")
- public void setDao(BaseDao<Customer> dao) {
- super.setDao(dao);
- }
- /**
- * 若CustomerService 定义了BaseService没有的方法,则可以在这里实现
- */
- }
- package org.monday.service;
- import org.monday.domain.Order;
- /**
- * 订单Service继承BaseService
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- public interface OrderService extends BaseService<Order> {
- /**
- * 若BaseService 没有定义的方法,可以在这里添加
- */
- }
- package org.monday.service.impl;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.monday.dao.BaseDao;
- import org.monday.domain.Order;
- import org.monday.service.OrderService;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
- /**
- * 订单Service的实现类 继承BaseServiceImpl 显示订单Service接口
- *
- * @author Monday
- */
- @Service(value = "orderService")
- @Transactional
- public class OrderServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<Order> implements OrderService {
- /**
- * 注入DAO
- */
- @Resource(name = "orderDao")
- public void setDao(BaseDao<Order> dao) {
- super.setDao(dao);
- }
- /**
- * 若CustomerService 定义了BaseService没有的方法,则可以在这里实现
- */
- }
这里只是提供了一个思路。可能代码还有不严谨的地方,欢迎补充指正。
容易出现的两个异常:
1.org.hibernate.HibernateException: No Hibernate Session bound to thread, and configuration does not allow creation of non-transactional one here
答案:要加@Transactional注解
除了要在这里加注解
@Service("customerService")
@Transactional
public class CustomerServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<Customer> implements CustomerService {}
这里也要加
@Transactional
public class BaseServiceImpl<T> implements BaseService<T> {}
2.org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'customerService':
Injection of resource fields failed;
nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
No unique bean of type [org.monday.dao.BaseDao] is defined:
expected single matching bean but found 2: [customerDao, orderDao]
答案:
(参考)
注入具体的DAO
@Resource(name="customerDao")
public void setDao(BaseDao<Customer> dao) {
super.setDao(dao);
}