Maven学习笔记003——使用入门

 

Maven约定：项目的根目录放置pom.xml

1.       创建一个名为maven-standard-demo文件夹，新建一个pom.xml文件

D:\workspace\Maven\maven-standard-demo

Pom.xml文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>   <groupId>com.charlie.mavendemo</groupId>   <artifactId>maven-standard-demo</artifactId>   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>   <name>Maven Standard Demo</name> </project>

 

2.       Maven目录约定

在maven-standard-demo目录下创建如下文件夹src/main/java存放项目主代码；

然后创建main/java主代码下创建com/charlie/mavendemo目录

在maven-standard-demo目录下创建如下文件夹src/test/java存放测试代码

然后创建test/java主代码下创建com/charlie/mavendemo目录

 

编写主代码：main/java/mavendemo/helloword/HelloWord.java

package com.charlie.mavendemo.helloword;   public class HelloWorld {            public String sayHello(){                    return "Hello Maven";          }                   public static void main(String[] args){                      System.out.println(new HelloWorld().sayHello());            } }

 

编写测试代码：test/java/mavendemo/helloword/HelloWordTest.java

package com.charlie.mavendemo.helloword;   import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; import org.junit.Test;   public class HelloWorldTest {                   @Test          public void testSayHello(){                    HelloWorld helloworld = new HelloWorld();                    String result = helloworld.sayHello();                    assertEquals("Hello Maven",result);          }   }

 

 

3.       编译

在项目目录D:\workspace\Maven\maven-standard-demo下执行

>mvn clean compile

生成target目录和target/classes目录

4.       测试

再次执行mvn clean test

在target目录下生成了surefire、surefire-reports、和test-classes三个目录，出测试报告

5.       打包

>mvn clean package

执行了编译、测试，且生成JAR文件

6.       运行

可以让其他Maven项目引用生成的JAR

>mvn clean install

执行了编译、测试、打包，且会生成目录maven-archiver

7.       生成可执行的JAR

默认打包生成的JAR是不能直接运行的，带main方法的类信息不会添加到manifest中

编辑pom.xml，在<project><build><plugins>下配置maven-shade-plugin插件,

…… <build>            <plugins>                    <plugin>                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                             <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>                             <version>1.2.1</version>                             <executions>                                      <execution>                                                <phase>package</phase>                                                <goals>                                                         <goal>shade</goal>                                                </goals>                                                <configuration>                                                         <transformers>                                                                  <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">                                                                           <mainClass>com.charlie.mavendemo.helloword.HelloWord</mainClass>                                                                  </transformer>                                                         </transformers>                                                </configuration>                                      </execution>                             </executions>                    </plugin>            </plugins>   </build> </project>

 

再次执行>mvn clean install

耐心等待各种下载

执行>java -jar target\maven-standard-demo-1.0.jar会输出Hello Maven