模板类的非模板友元函数

  
  

   
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   /*   1.模板类的非模板友元函数
  
  
  
  

   
   *
  
  
  
  

   
   /*********************************/
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   #include <iostream>
  
  
  
  

   
   using std::cout;
  
  
  
  

   
   using std::endl;
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   template <typename T>
  
  
  
  

   
   class HasFriend{
  
  
  
  

   
       private:
  
  
  
  

   
           T item;
  
  
  
  

   
           static int ct;
  
  
  
  

   
       public :
  
  
  
  

   
           HasFriend(const T&i):item(i){ct++;}
  
  
  
  

   
           ~HasFriend(){ct--;}
  
  
  
  

   
           friend void counts();
  
  
  
  

   
           friend void reports(HasFriend<T> &);//不是模板函数，只是使用了一个模板做参数，
  
  
  
  

   
   //        意味必需要使用友元定义显示具体化
  
  
  
  

   
   //        void report(HasFriend<short> &){...};
  
  
  
  

   
   //        void report(HasFriend<double> &){...};
  
  
  
  

   
   };
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   template <typename T>
  
  
  
  

   
   int HasFriend<T>::ct = 0;
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   void counts()
  
  
  
  

   
   {
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"int count:"<<HasFriend<int>::ct<<";"<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"double count:"<<HasFriend<double>::ct<<";"<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
   }
  
  
  
  

   
   void reports(HasFriend<int> &hf)
  
  
  
  

   
   {
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"HasFriend<int>: "<<hf.item<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
   }
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   void reports(HasFriend<double> &hf)
  
  
  
  

   
   {
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"HasFriend<double>: "<<hf.item<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
   }
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   int main()
  
  
  
  

   
   {
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"No objects declared:"<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
       counts();
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
       HasFriend<int> hfi1(10);
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"After hfi1 declared:"<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
       counts();
  
  
  
  

   
       HasFriend<int> hfi2(20);
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"After hfi2 declared:"<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
       counts();
  
  
  
  

   
       HasFriend<double> hfib(10.8);
  
  
  
  

   
       cout<<"After hfib declared:"<<endl;
  
  
  
  

   
       counts();
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
       reports(hfi1);
  
  
  
  

   
       reports(hfi2);
  
  
  
  

   
       reports(hfib);
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
       return 0;
  
  
  
  


  
  
  
  

   
   }