Android Studio中统一管理版本号引用配置

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转载注明gao_chun的Blog：http://blog.csdn.net/gao_chun/article/details/58105089

Gradle统一管理版本号引用配置

为了提高项目开发效率，在实际项目开发过程中往往会引入一些开源框架，还有项目中使用的各种Module，当引入Module过多时最好提供一种统一的方式去管理版本号，如：compileSdkVersion、buildToolsVersion、androidTestCompile 等，便于日后对版本号进行维护，此处记录2种方式处理上述问题。推荐方式二和方式三

 

方式一

1.在项目根目录下创建.gradle文件，如：config.gradle

 

 

2.在根目录下的build.gradle文件中引入我们创建的配置文件

 

 

3.config.gradle中文件内容可以自己定义，如下示例：

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       ext {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // 用于编译的SDK版本
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           COMPILE_SDK_VERSION = 23
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // 用于Gradle编译项目的工具版本
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION = "24.0.2"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // 最低支持Android版本
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           MIN_SDK_VERSION = 14
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // 目标版本
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           TARGET_SDK_VERSION = 23
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // 设置是否使用混淆
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           MINIFY_ENABLED = true
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           MINIFY_DISABLED = false
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // 应用程序包名
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           APPLICATION_ID = 'com.mainiway.eworkpal'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // Version of "com.android.support:appcompat-v7", refer it as folow:
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           //  compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:${APPCOMPAT_VERSION}"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           APPCOMPAT_VERSION = '23.2.1'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

4.在app目录下的build.gradle中使用

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       dependencies {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:cardview-v7:${APPCOMPAT_VERSION}"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:${APPCOMPAT_VERSION}"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:design:${APPCOMPAT_VERSION}"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:3.7.0'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

方式二（推荐）

1.在根目录下的build.gradle文件下添加 ext{ .... } 中的内容

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       // Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       buildscript {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           repositories {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               jcenter()
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           dependencies {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.2.3'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               // in the individual module build.gradle files
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       allprojects {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           repositories {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               jcenter()
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       task clean(type: Delete) {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           delete rootProject.buildDir
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       // Define versions in a single place
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       ext {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           // SDK And Tools
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           minSdkVersion = 14
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           targetSdkVersion = 23
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compileSdkVersion = 23
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           buildToolsVersion = '24.0.2'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           //Dependencies
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           supportLibraryVersion = '23.2.1'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

2.在app目录下build.gradle中使用 $rootProject.supportLibraryVersion

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       android {                     
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compileSdkVersion rootProject.ext.compileSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           buildToolsVersion rootProject.ext.buildToolsVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           defaultConfig {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               applicationId 'com.mainiway.demo'
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               minSdkVersion  rootProject.ext.minSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               targetSdkVersion rootProject.ext.targetSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               versionCode 1
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               versionName "1.0.0"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       dependencies {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:cardview-v7:$rootProject.supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:$rootProject.supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:design:$rootProject.supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

方式三（推荐）
也可以在根目录下的 build.gradle 文件中声明 ext{ .... }  时， 加上一个变量 var ，如：

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       ext {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           var = [
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   // SDK And Tools
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   minSdkVersion        : 14,
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   targetSdkVersion     : 25,
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   compileSdkVersion    : 25,
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   buildToolsVersion    : "25.0.2",
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   versionName              : "1.0.0",
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   //Dependencies
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
                   supportLibraryVersion: "25.2.0"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           ]
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

对应的引用方式：

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       android {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compileSdkVersion var.compileSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           buildToolsVersion var.buildToolsVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           defaultConfig {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               applicationId "com.xxx.xxx"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               minSdkVersion var.minSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               targetSdkVersion var.targetSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               versionCode 1
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               versionName var.version
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           ......
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       dependencies {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:$var.supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:$var.supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile "com.android.support:cardview-v7:$var.supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
    
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

或者像这样：

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       ext {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           minSdkVersion: 14,
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           targetSdkVersion: 25,
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compileSdkVersion: 25,
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           buildToolsVersion: "25.0.2",
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           versionName: "1.0.0",
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           //Dependencies
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           supportLibraryVersion: "25.2.0"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
	
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           var = [
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
            
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       		SupportV7 : "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:$supportLibraryVersion",
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       		SupportV4 : "com.android.support:support-v4:$supportLibraryVersion",
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       		SupportRecyclerviewV7 : "com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:$supportLibraryVersion"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           ]
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

那么对应的引用方式要做一点点变化：

   
   

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       android {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compileSdkVersion rootProject.compileSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           buildToolsVersion rootProject.buildToolsVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           defaultConfig {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               applicationId "com.xxx.xxx"
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               minSdkVersion rootProject.minSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               targetSdkVersion rootProject.targetSdkVersion
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               versionCode 1
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
               versionName var.version
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           ... ...
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      
 
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       dependencies {
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile var.SupportV7
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile var.SupportV4
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
           compile var.SupportRecyclerviewV7
      
      
     
     

     
     

      
      

     
     
     
     

      
      

       
       }
      
      
     
     
   
   

选一种适合规范方式，这样一来，管理各个版本号就方便多了。

转自:https://blog.csdn.net/gao_chun/article/details/58105089