RabbitMQ 基础教程 Hello World

本节我们将参照官网给出的Hello World示例，构建一个发送接收消息的入门小程序

1 . 创建一个simple的Maven工程 在pom.xml中添加

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
        <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2 . 创建producer 消息生产者 Send.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class Send {
    //设置消息队列的名称
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME="hello";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //创建到服务器的连接
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //如果你想连接非本地主机的RabbitMQ服务器broker 直接修改host为相应的IP地址
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        //大部分的工作是在channel下完成的
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //为了将我们的消息发送到broker上的队列，必须先创建一个队列，只有在当前队列不存在时才会新建队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        String message ="Hello world";
        //消息必须是以字节数组的形式发送，你可以采用相应的编码方式
        channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        System.out.println(" [x] Sent '"+ message+"'");

        //关闭资源
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

3 . 创建消费者consumer Recv.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class Recv {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, TimeoutException {
        //创建连接
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //绑定到我们需要消费消息的队列，并且可以在先启动消费者的情况下确保队列存在
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages . To exit press CTRL+C");

        //缓存消息，直到我们准备好去消费他
        Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String message =new String(body,"UTF-8");
                System.out.println(" [x] Received '"+message+" '");
            }
        };

        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true,consumer);
    }
}

4 . 运行RabbitMQ服务，运行Send.java ,Recv.java查看结果
5 . 可以用户以下命令查看broker中有多少队列或有多少消息

\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.6.9\sbin> rabbitmqctl.bat list_queues