本节我们将参照官网给出的Hello World示例,构建一个发送接收消息的入门小程序
1 . 创建一个simple的Maven工程 在pom.xml中添加
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2 . 创建producer 消息生产者 Send.java
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
public class Send {
//设置消息队列的名称
private final static String QUEUE_NAME="hello";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//创建到服务器的连接
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
//如果你想连接非本地主机的RabbitMQ服务器broker 直接修改host为相应的IP地址
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
//大部分的工作是在channel下完成的
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//为了将我们的消息发送到broker上的队列,必须先创建一个队列,只有在当前队列不存在时才会新建队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
String message ="Hello world";
//消息必须是以字节数组的形式发送,你可以采用相应的编码方式
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '"+ message+"'");
//关闭资源
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
3 . 创建消费者consumer Recv.java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, TimeoutException {
//创建连接
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//绑定到我们需要消费消息的队列,并且可以在先启动消费者的情况下确保队列存在
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages . To exit press CTRL+C");
//缓存消息,直到我们准备好去消费他
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
throws IOException {
String message =new String(body,"UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [x] Received '"+message+" '");
}
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true,consumer);
}
}
4 . 运行RabbitMQ服务,运行Send.java ,Recv.java查看结果
5 . 可以用户以下命令查看broker中有多少队列或有多少消息
\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.6.9\sbin> rabbitmqctl.bat list_queues