需求:实现一个具有文件下载功能的网页,主要下载压缩包和图片
两种实现方法:
一:通过超链接实现下载
在HTML网页中,通过超链接链接到要下载的文件的地址
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Insert title here</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>通过链接下载文件</h1>
- <a href="/day06/download/cors.zip">压缩包</a>
- <a href="/day06/download/1.png">图片</a>
- </body>
- </html>
其中day06/download是文档路径,本实例的程序结构如下:
程序运行后,可以通过单击需要下载文档实现下载
但是这里会出现一个问题,就是单击下载压缩包的时候会弹出下载页面,但是下载图片的时候浏览器就直接打开了图片,没有下载。
这是因为通过超链接下载文件时,如果浏览器可以识别该文件格式,浏览器就会直接打开。只有浏览器不能识别该文件格式的时候,才会实现下载。因此利用第二种方法实现下载功能。
二:通过Servlet程序实现下载
通过Servlet下载文件的原理是通过servlet读取目标程序,将资源返回客户端。
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Insert title here</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>通过链接下载文件</h1>
- <a href="/day06/download/cors.zip">压缩包</a>
- <a href="/day06/download/1.png">图片</a>
- <h1>通过servlet程序下载文件</h1>
- <a href="/day06/ServletDownload?filename=cors.zip">压缩包</a>
- <a href="/day06/ServletDownload?filename=1.png">图片</a>
- </body>
- </html>
其中,/day06/ServletDownload 是servlet程序的映射路径
然后新建一个servlet,名称为ServletDownload,URL映射为/ServletDownload
添加代码如下:
- package com.lsgjzhuwei.servlet.response;
-
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
-
-
-
- @WebServlet(asyncSupported = true, urlPatterns = { "/ServletDownload" })
- public class ServletDownload extends HttpServlet {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
-
-
-
- public ServletDownload() {
- super();
-
- }
-
-
-
-
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
-
-
-
- String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
- System.out.println(filename);
-
-
- response.setContentType(getServletContext().getMimeType(filename));
-
- response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
-
-
- String fullFileName = getServletContext().getRealPath("/download/" + filename);
-
-
- InputStream in = new FileInputStream(fullFileName);
- OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
-
-
- int b;
- while((b=in.read())!= -1)
- {
- out.write(b);
- }
-
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
-
-
-
-
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
-
- }
-
- }
重启tomcat服务器,即可实现对压缩包和对图片的下载。
1 /**
2 * TODO 下载文件到本地
3 * @author nadim
4 * @date Sep 11, 2015 11:45:31 AM
5 * @param fileUrl 远程地址
6 * @param fileLocal 本地路径
7 * @throws Exception
8 */
9 public void downloadFile(String fileUrl,String fileLocal) throws Exception {
10 URL url = new URL(fileUrl);
11 HttpURLConnection urlCon = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
12 urlCon.setConnectTimeout(6000);
13 urlCon.setReadTimeout(6000);
14 int code = urlCon.getResponseCode();
15 if (code != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
16 throw new Exception("文件读取失败");
17 }
18
19 //读文件流
20 DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(urlCon.getInputStream());
21 DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileLocal));
22 byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
23 int count = 0;
24 while ((count = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
25 out.write(buffer, 0, count);
26 }
27 out.close();
28 in.close();
29 }