线程安全的单例模式实现有几种思路,个人认为第2种方案最优雅:、饿汉式、借助内部类、普通加锁解决、双重检测,但要注意写法,如果单体模式继续扩展为N元单体模式,那就是对象池模式了1、饿汉式单例
public class Singleton { private final static Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton(); private Singleton() { } public static Singleton getInstance() { return INSTANCE; } }
2、借助内部类
属于懒汉式单例,因为Java机制规定,内部类SingletonHolder只有在getInstance()方法第一次调用的时候才会被加载(实现了lazy),而且其加载过程是线程安全的。内部类加载的时候实例化一次instance。public class Singleton { private Singleton() { } private static class SingletonHolder { private final static Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton(); } public static Singleton getInstance() { return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE; } }
3、普通加锁解决
public class Singleton { private static Singleton instance = null; private Singleton() { } public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() { if(instance == null) { instance = new Singleton(); } return instance; } }
虽然解决了线程安全问题,但是每个线程调用getInstance都要加锁,我们想要只在第一次调用getInstance时加锁,请看下面的双重检测方案
4、双重检测,但要注意写法
public class Singleton { private static Singleton instance = null; private Singleton() { } public static Singleton getInstance() { if(instance == null) { synchronzied(Singleton.class) { Singleton temp = instance; if(temp == null) { temp = new Singleton(); instance = temp } } } return instance; } } 由于指令重排序问题,所以不可以直接写成下面这样: public class Singleton { private static Singleton instance = null; private Singleton() { } public static Singleton getInstance() { if(instance == null) { synchronzied(Singleton.class) { if(instance == null) { instance = new Singleton(); } } } return instance; } }
但是如果instance实例变量用volatile修饰就可以了,volatile修饰的话就可以确保instance = new Singleton();对应的指令不会重排序,如下的单例代码也是线程安全的:
public class Singleton { private static volatile Singleton instance = null; private Singleton() { } public static Singleton getInstance() { if(instance == null) { synchronzied(Singleton.class) { if(instance == null) { instance = new Singleton(); } } } return instance; } }
线程安全的单例模式的几种实现方法分享
最新推荐文章于 2024-03-22 11:09:41 发布