简单几步,实现异步新线程调用。
1、在主类中添加@EnableAsync注解:
- @SpringBootApplication
- @EnableScheduling
- @EnableAsync
- public class MySpringBootApplication {
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MySpringBootApplication.class);
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class, args);
- logger.info("My Spring Boot Application Started");
- }
- }
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
@EnableAsync
public class MySpringBootApplication {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MySpringBootApplication.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class, args);
logger.info("My Spring Boot Application Started");
}
}
2、创建一个AsyncTask类,在里面添加两个用@Async注解的task:
- /**
- * Asynchronous Tasks
- * @author Xu
- *
- */
- @Component
- public class AsyncTask {
- protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
- @Async
- public Future<String> doTask1() throws InterruptedException{
- logger.info("Task1 started.");
- long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
- Thread.sleep(5000);
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- logger.info("Task1 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
- return new AsyncResult<>("Task1 accomplished!");
- }
- @Async
- public Future<String> doTask2() throws InterruptedException{
- logger.info("Task2 started.");
- long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
- Thread.sleep(3000);
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- logger.info("Task2 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
- return new AsyncResult<>("Task2 accomplished!");
- }
- }
/**
* Asynchronous Tasks
* @author Xu
*
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTask {
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Async
public Future<String> doTask1() throws InterruptedException{
logger.info("Task1 started.");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(5000);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("Task1 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
return new AsyncResult<>("Task1 accomplished!");
}
@Async
public Future<String> doTask2() throws InterruptedException{
logger.info("Task2 started.");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(3000);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("Task2 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
return new AsyncResult<>("Task2 accomplished!");
}
}
3、万事俱备,开始测试:
- public class TaskTests extends BasicUtClass{
- @Autowired
- private AsyncTask asyncTask;
- @Test
- public void AsyncTaskTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
- Future<String> task1 = asyncTask.doTask1();
- Future<String> task2 = asyncTask.doTask2();
- while(true) {
- if(task1.isDone() && task2.isDone()) {
- logger.info("Task1 result: {}", task1.get());
- logger.info("Task2 result: {}", task2.get());
- break;
- }
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- }
- logger.info("All tasks finished.");
- }
- }
public class TaskTests extends BasicUtClass{
@Autowired
private AsyncTask asyncTask;
@Test
public void AsyncTaskTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Future<String> task1 = asyncTask.doTask1();
Future<String> task2 = asyncTask.doTask2();
while(true) {
if(task1.isDone() && task2.isDone()) {
logger.info("Task1 result: {}", task1.get());
logger.info("Task2 result: {}", task2.get());
break;
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
logger.info("All tasks finished.");
}
}
测试结果:
- 2016-12-13 11:12:24,850:INFO main (AsyncExecutionAspectSupport.java:245) - No TaskExecutor bean found for async processing
- 2016-12-13 11:12:24,864:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:22) - Task1 started.
- 2016-12-13 11:12:24,865:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-2 (AsyncTask.java:34) - Task2 started.
- 2016-12-13 11:12:27,869:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-2 (AsyncTask.java:39) - Task2 finished, time elapsed: 3001 ms.
- 2016-12-13 11:12:29,866:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:27) - Task1 finished, time elapsed: 5001 ms.
- 2016-12-13 11:12:30,853:INFO main (TaskTests.java:23) - Task1 result: Task1 accomplished!
- 2016-12-13 11:12:30,853:INFO main (TaskTests.java:24) - Task2 result: Task2 accomplished!
- 2016-12-13 11:12:30,854:INFO main (TaskTests.java:30) - All tasks finished.
2016-12-13 11:12:24,850:INFO main (AsyncExecutionAspectSupport.java:245) - No TaskExecutor bean found for async processing
2016-12-13 11:12:24,864:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:22) - Task1 started.
2016-12-13 11:12:24,865:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-2 (AsyncTask.java:34) - Task2 started.
2016-12-13 11:12:27,869:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-2 (AsyncTask.java:39) - Task2 finished, time elapsed: 3001 ms.
2016-12-13 11:12:29,866:INFO SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:27) - Task1 finished, time elapsed: 5001 ms.
2016-12-13 11:12:30,853:INFO main (TaskTests.java:23) - Task1 result: Task1 accomplished!
2016-12-13 11:12:30,853:INFO main (TaskTests.java:24) - Task2 result: Task2 accomplished!
2016-12-13 11:12:30,854:INFO main (TaskTests.java:30) - All tasks finished.
可以看到,没有自定义的Executor,所以使用缺省的TaskExecutor 。
前面是最简单的使用方法。如果想使用自定义的Executor,可以按照如下几步来:
1、新建一个Executor配置类,顺便把@EnableAsync注解搬到这里来:
- @Configuration
- @EnableAsync
- public class ExecutorConfig {
- /** Set the ThreadPoolExecutor's core pool size. */
- private int corePoolSize = 10;
- /** Set the ThreadPoolExecutor's maximum pool size. */
- private int maxPoolSize = 200;
- /** Set the capacity for the ThreadPoolExecutor's BlockingQueue. */
- private int queueCapacity = 10;
- @Bean
- public Executor mySimpleAsync() {
- ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
- executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
- executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
- executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
- executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MySimpleExecutor-");
- executor.initialize();
- return executor;
- }
- @Bean
- public Executor myAsync() {
- ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
- executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
- executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
- executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
- executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");
- // rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务
- // CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
- executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
- executor.initialize();
- return executor;
- }
- }
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class ExecutorConfig {
/** Set the ThreadPoolExecutor's core pool size. */
private int corePoolSize = 10;
/** Set the ThreadPoolExecutor's maximum pool size. */
private int maxPoolSize = 200;
/** Set the capacity for the ThreadPoolExecutor's BlockingQueue. */
private int queueCapacity = 10;
@Bean
public Executor mySimpleAsync() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MySimpleExecutor-");
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
@Bean
public Executor myAsync() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");
// rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务
// CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
}
这里定义了两个不同的Executor,第二个重新设置了pool已经达到max size时候的处理方法;同时指定了线程名字的前缀。
2、自定义Executor的使用:
- /**
- * Asynchronous Tasks
- * @author Xu
- *
- */
- @Component
- public class AsyncTask {
- protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
- @Async("mySimpleAsync")
- public Future<String> doTask1() throws InterruptedException{
- logger.info("Task1 started.");
- long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
- Thread.sleep(5000);
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- logger.info("Task1 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
- return new AsyncResult<>("Task1 accomplished!");
- }
- @Async("myAsync")
- public Future<String> doTask2() throws InterruptedException{
- logger.info("Task2 started.");
- long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
- Thread.sleep(3000);
- long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
- logger.info("Task2 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
- return new AsyncResult<>("Task2 accomplished!");
- }
- }
/**
* Asynchronous Tasks
* @author Xu
*
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTask {
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Async("mySimpleAsync")
public Future<String> doTask1() throws InterruptedException{
logger.info("Task1 started.");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(5000);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("Task1 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
return new AsyncResult<>("Task1 accomplished!");
}
@Async("myAsync")
public Future<String> doTask2() throws InterruptedException{
logger.info("Task2 started.");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(3000);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("Task2 finished, time elapsed: {} ms.", end-start);
return new AsyncResult<>("Task2 accomplished!");
}
}
就是把上面自定义Executor的类名,放进@Async注解中。
3、测试(测试用例不变)结果:
- 2016-12-13 10:57:11,998:INFO MySimpleExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:22) - Task1 started.
- 2016-12-13 10:57:12,001:INFO MyExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:34) - Task2 started.
- 2016-12-13 10:57:15,007:INFO MyExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:39) - Task2 finished, time elapsed: 3000 ms.
- 2016-12-13 10:57:16,999:INFO MySimpleExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:27) - Task1 finished, time elapsed: 5001 ms.
- 2016-12-13 10:57:17,994:INFO main (TaskTests.java:23) - Task1 result: Task1 accomplished!
- 2016-12-13 10:57:17,994:INFO main (TaskTests.java:24) - Task2 result: Task2 accomplished!
- 2016-12-13 10:57:17,994:INFO main (TaskTests.java:30) - All tasks finished.
- 2016-12-13 10:57:18,064 Thread-3 WARN Unable to register Log4j shutdown hook because JVM is shutting down. Using SimpleLogger
2016-12-13 10:57:11,998:INFO MySimpleExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:22) - Task1 started.
2016-12-13 10:57:12,001:INFO MyExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:34) - Task2 started.
2016-12-13 10:57:15,007:INFO MyExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:39) - Task2 finished, time elapsed: 3000 ms.
2016-12-13 10:57:16,999:INFO MySimpleExecutor-1 (AsyncTask.java:27) - Task1 finished, time elapsed: 5001 ms.
2016-12-13 10:57:17,994:INFO main (TaskTests.java:23) - Task1 result: Task1 accomplished!
2016-12-13 10:57:17,994:INFO main (TaskTests.java:24) - Task2 result: Task2 accomplished!
2016-12-13 10:57:17,994:INFO main (TaskTests.java:30) - All tasks finished.
2016-12-13 10:57:18,064 Thread-3 WARN Unable to register Log4j shutdown hook because JVM is shutting down. Using SimpleLogger
可见,线程名字的前缀变了,两个task使用了不同的线程池了。