C++继承关系

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

char x = 0;
class A
{
public:
	A(){x = 1;cout<<"x=1"<<endl;}
	virtual ~A(){x = 3;cout<<"x=3"<<endl;}
	virtual void func1() {x = 5;cout<<"x=5"<<endl;}
	void func2(){x = 7;cout<<"x=7"<<endl;}
	void func3(){x = 9;cout<<"x=9"<<endl;}
};

class B:public A
{
public:
	B(){x = 2;cout<<"x=2"<<endl;}
	B(const B&b){x = 4;cout<<"x=4"<<endl;}
	virtual ~B(){x = 6;cout<<"x=6"<<endl;}
	virtual void func1() {x = 8;cout<<"x=8"<<endl;}
	void func2(){x = 10;cout<<"x=10"<<endl;}
	void func3(){x = 12;cout<<"x=12"<<endl;}
};
B testb;//声明全局变量会预先调用构造函数
B*testc;//指针则不会调用,因为不进行内存的分配，只是一个指针


void main(){

	A *testa;
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	testa = (A*)&testb;//指针指向方向，没有任何赋值操作
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	testa->func1();//指针是基类的，但是派生类例如虚函数覆盖了基类func1的内容，所以是派生类的函数
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	testc = new B;
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	delete testc;
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	testa->func2();//func2不是虚函数，由于testa是基类的指针，所以指向基类
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	B testd = testb;//每次构造新的派生类都调用基类的构造函数
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	testa = (A*)&testd;
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;
	testa->func3();
	cout<<(int)x<<endl;

	return;
}

运行结果