C++运算符重载

C++ 允许在同一作用域中的某个函数和运算符指定多个定义，分别称为函数重载和运算符重载。

重载的运算符是带有特殊名称的函数，函数名是由关键字 operator 和其后要重载的运算符符号构成的。与其他函数一样，重载运算符有一个返回类型和一个参数列表。

// operatorOverload.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Box
{
public:
	double getVolume(void)
	{
		return length *width*height;
	}

	void SetLength(double len)
	{
		length = len;
	}
	void SetWidth(double wid)
	{
		width =wid;
	}
	void SetHeight(double hei)
	{
		height = hei;
	}

	Box operator+(const Box& b)
	{
		Box box;
		box.length = this->length + b.length;
		box.width = this->width + b.width;
		box.height = this->height + b.height;
		return box;
	}
private:
	double length;
	double width;
	double height;
};

class Distance
{
public:
	Distance()
	{
		feet = 0;
		inches = 0;
	}
	Distance(int f,int i)
	{
		feet = f;
		inches = i;
	}
	//显示距离的方法
	void displayDistance()
	{
		cout<<"F: "<<feet<<" I: "<<inches<<endl;
	}
	//重载负运算符（-）
	Distance operator-()
	{
		feet = -feet;
		inches = -inches;
		return Distance(feet,inches);
	}

	//重载小于运算符 ( < )
	bool operator < (const Distance &d)
	{
		if(feet <d.feet)
		{
			return true;
		}
		if(feet == d.feet && inches<d.inches)
		{
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	//重载输入输出运算符 << >>
	friend ostream &operator <<(ostream &output,const Distance &D)
	{
		output << "F : " << D.feet << " I : " << D.inches;
		return output;  
	}

	friend istream &operator>>( istream  &input, Distance &D )
	{ 
		input >> D.feet >> D.inches;
		return input;            
	}
private:
	int feet;
	int inches;
};


void example1()
{
	Box Box1;
	Box Box2;
	Box Box3;
	double volume = 0.0;

	// Box1 
	Box1.SetLength(6.0);
	Box1.SetWidth(7.0);
	Box1.SetHeight(5.0);

	// Box2 
	Box2.SetLength(12.0);
	Box2.SetWidth(13.0);
	Box2.SetHeight(10.0);
	
	// Box1 的体积
   volume = Box1.getVolume();
   cout << "Volume of Box1 : " << volume <<endl;
 
   // Box2 的体积
   volume = Box2.getVolume();
   cout << "Volume of Box2 : " << volume <<endl;
 
   // 把两个对象相加，得到 Box3
   Box3 = Box1 + Box2;
 
   // Box3 的体积
   volume = Box3.getVolume();
   cout << "Volume of Box3 : " << volume <<endl;
}

void example2()
{
	Distance D1(11,10),D2(-5,11);
	-D1;
	D1.displayDistance();

	-D2;
	D2.displayDistance();

	if(D1<D2)
	{
		cout<<"D1 is less than D2" <<endl;
	}
	else 
	{
		cout<<"D2 is less than D1" <<endl;
	}
		

	cout << "Enter the value of object : " << endl;
	cin >> D3;
	cout << "First Distance : " << D1 << endl;
	cout << "Second Distance :" << D2 << endl;
	cout << "Third Distance :" << D3 << endl;
}
int main()
{
	example1();
	example2();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

[1] http://www.runoob.com/cplusplus/cpp-overloading.html