字符串操作

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-08 17:44:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-08 17:44:23 发布

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字符串操作 http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/string

Modifiers :

operator+=

Append to string (public member function )

append

Append to string (public member function )

push_back

Append character to string (public member function )

assign

Assign content to string (public member function )

insert

Insert into string (public member function )

erase

Erase characters from string (public member function )

replace

Replace portion of string (public member function )

swap

Swap string values (public member function )

pop_back

Delete last character (public member function )

Append to string 字符串的添加 str.append(); //

Extends the string by appending additional characters at the end of its current value:

// appending to string
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main ()
{
  std::string str;
  std::string str2="Writing ";
  std::string str3="print 10 and then 5 more";

  // used in the same order as described above:
  str.append(str2);                       // "Writing "
  str.append(str3,6,3);                   // "10 "
  str.append("dots are cool",5);          // "dots "
  str.append("here: ");                   // "here: "
  str.append(10u,'.');                    // ".........."
  str.append(str3.begin()+8,str3.end());  // " and then 5 more"
  str.append<int>(5,0x2E);                // "....."

  std::cout << str << '\n';
  return 0;
}

Output:

Writing 10 dots here: .......... and then 5 more.....

Insert into string 插入字符。 str.insert（）；

Inserts additional characters into the string right before the character indicated by pos (or p):

string (1)	string& insert (size_t pos, const string& str);
substring (2)	string& insert (size_t pos, const string& str, size_t subpos, size_t sublen);
c-string (3)	string& insert (size_t pos, const char* s);
buffer (4)	string& insert (size_t pos, const char* s, size_t n);
fill (5)	string& insert (size_t pos, size_t n, char c);

std::string ::substr() 提取子字符串

Returns a newly constructed string object with its value initialized to a copy of a substring of this object.

The substring is the portion of the object that starts at character position pos and spans len characters (or until the end of the string, whichever comes first).

// string::substr
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main ()
{
  std::string str="We think in generalities, but we live in details.";
                                           // (quoting Alfred N. Whitehead)

  std::string str2 = str.substr (12,12);   // "generalities"

  unsigned pos = str.find("live");         // position of "live" in str

  std::string str3 = str.substr (pos);     // get from "live" to the end

  std::cout << str2 << ' ' << str3 << '\n';

  return 0;
}

Output:

generalities live in details.

字符串的搜索。std::string::find

Find content in string

Searches the string for the first occurrence of the sequence specified by its arguments.
找到字符串在string中第一次出现的位置

When pos is specified, the search only includes characters at or after position pos, ignoring any possible occurrences that include characters before pos.

Notice that unlike member find_first_of, whenever more than one character is being searched for, it is not enough that just one of these characters match, but the entire sequence must match.

返回值return

The position of the first character of the first match.
If no matches were found, the function returns string::npos. 没有找到则返回 sting ::npos

size_t is an unsigned integral type. 无符号型