《SpringBoot实战》读书笔记之Spring Boot项目构建

Spring Boot为Gradle和Maven提供了构建插件，以便辅助构建Spring Boot项目。下面是Spring Boot的Gradle创建的build.gradle文件：

buildscript
{
    ext
    {
        springBootVersion='1.3.0.RELEASE'
    }
    repositories
    {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies
    {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:$(springBootVersion)")
    }
}
apply plugin:'java'
apply plugin:'eclipse'
apply plugin:'idea'
apply plugin:'spring-boot'

jar
{
    baseName='readinglist'
    version='0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
}
sourceCompatibility=1.7
targetCompatibility=1.7

repositories
{
    mavenCentral()
}
dependencies
{
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf")
    runtime("com.h2database:h2")
    testCompile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
}

eclipse
{
    classpath
    {
        containers.remove('org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER')
        container 'org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/javaSE-1.78'
    }
}
task wrapper(type:Wrapper)
{
    gradleVersion='1.12'
}

另一方面，要是选择Maven来构建应用程序，Initializer会替你生成一个pom.xml文件，使用了Spring Boot的Maven插件，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.manning</groupId>
<artifactId>readinglist</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>ReadingList</name>
<description>Reading List Demo</description>
<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>{springBootVersion}</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>
        UTF-8
    </project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <start-class>readinglist.Application</start-class>
    <java.version>1.7</java.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

无论选择Gradle还是Maven，Spring Boot的构建插件都对构建过程有所帮组。Gradle的BootRun任务来运行应用程序，Maven插件与之类似，提供了Spring-Boot:run目标能够实现同样的功能。

构建插件的主要功能是把项目打包成一个可执行的超级JAR，包括把应用程序的所有依赖打入JAR文件内，并为JAR添加一个描述文件，其中的内容能够通过java -jar来运行应用程序。