DOM的全称是Document Object Model,也即文档对象模型。在应用程序中,基于DOM的XML分析器将一个XML文档转换成一个对象模型的集合(通常称DOM树),应用程序正是通过对这个对象模型的操作,来实现对XML文档数据的操作。通过DOM接口,应用程序可以在任何时候访问XML文档中的任何一部分数据,因此,这种利用DOM接口的机制也被称作随机访问机制。
DOM接口提供了一种通过分层对象模型来访问XML文档信息的方式,这些分层对象模型依据XML的文档结构形成了一棵节点树。无论XML文档中所描述的是什么类型的信息,即便是制表数据、项目列表或一个文档,利用DOM所生成的模型都是节点树的形式。也就是说,DOM强制使用树模型来访问XML文档中的信息。由于XML本质上就是一种分层结构,所以这种描述方法是相当有效的。
DOM树所提供的随机访问方式给应用程序的开发带来了很大的灵活性,它可以任意地控制整个XML文档中的内容。然而,由于DOM分析器把整个XML文档转化成DOM树放在了内存中,因此,当文档比较大或者结构比较复杂时,对内存的需求就比较高。而且,对于结构复杂的树的遍历也是一项耗时的操作。所以,DOM分析器对机器性能的要求比较高,实现效率不十分理想。不过,由于DOM分析器所采用的树结构的思想与XML文档的结构相吻合,同时鉴于随机访问所带来的方便,因此,DOM分析器还是有很广泛的使用价值的。
- import java.io.File;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
- import org.w3c.dom.Document;
- import org.w3c.dom.Element;
- import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
- public class DomTest1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- // step 1: 获得dom解析器工厂(工作的作用是用于创建具体的解析器)
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
- // System.out.println("class name: " + dbf.getClass().getName());
- // step 2:获得具体的dom解析器
- DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
- // System.out.println("class name: " + db.getClass().getName());
- // step3: 解析一个xml文档,获得Document对象(根结点)
- Document document = db.parse(new File("candidate.xml"));
- NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("PERSON");
- for(int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++)
- {
- Element element = (Element)list.item(i);
- String content = element.getElementsByTagName("NAME").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
- System.out.println("name:" + content);
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("ADDRESS").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
- System.out.println("address:" + content);
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("TEL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
- System.out.println("tel:" + content);
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("FAX").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
- System.out.println("fax:" + content);
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("EMAIL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
- System.out.println("email:" + content);
- System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
- }
- }
- }
- import java.io.File;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
- import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
- import org.w3c.dom.Comment;
- import org.w3c.dom.Document;
- import org.w3c.dom.Element;
- import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
- import org.w3c.dom.Node;
- import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
- /**
- * 使用递归解析给定的任意一个xml文档并且将其内容输出到命令行上
- * @author zhanglong
- *
- */
- public class DomTest3
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
- DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
- Document doc = db.parse(new File("student.xml"));
- //获得根元素结点
- Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
- parseElement(root);
- }
- private static void parseElement(Element element)
- {
- String tagName = element.getNodeName();
- NodeList children = element.getChildNodes();
- System.out.print("<" + tagName);
- //element元素的所有属性所构成的NamedNodeMap对象,需要对其进行判断
- NamedNodeMap map = element.getAttributes();
- //如果该元素存在属性
- if(null != map)
- {
- for(int i = 0; i < map.getLength(); i++)
- {
- //获得该元素的每一个属性
- Attr attr = (Attr)map.item(i);
- String attrName = attr.getName();
- String attrValue = attr.getValue();
- System.out.print(" " + attrName + "=\"" + attrValue + "\"");
- }
- }
- System.out.print(">");
- for(int i = 0; i < children.getLength(); i++)
- {
- Node node = children.item(i);
- //获得结点的类型
- short nodeType = node.getNodeType();
- if(nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
- {
- //是元素,继续递归
- parseElement((Element)node);
- }
- else if(nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE)
- {
- //递归出口
- System.out.print(node.getNodeValue());
- }
- else if(nodeType == Node.COMMENT_NODE)
- {
- System.out.print("<!--");
- Comment comment = (Comment)node;
- //注释内容
- String data = comment.getData();
- System.out.print(data);
- System.out.print("-->");
- }
- }
- System.out.print("</" + tagName + ">");
- }
- }
sax:SAX的全称是Simple APIs for XML,也即XML简单应用程序接口。与DOM不同,SAX提供的访问模式是一种顺序模式,这是一种快速读写XML数据的方式。当使用SAX分析器对XML文档进行分析时,会触发一系列事件,并激活相应的事件处理函数,应用程序通过这些事件处理函数实现对XML文档的访问,因而SAX接口也被称作事件驱动接口。
- import java.io.File;
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
- import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
- import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
- import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
- public class SaxTest1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- //step1: 获得SAX解析器工厂实例
- SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
- //step2: 获得SAX解析器实例
- SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
- //step3: 开始进行解析
- parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler());
- }
- }
- class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler
- {
- @Override
- public void startDocument() throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("parse began");
- }
- @Override
- public void endDocument() throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("parse finished");
- }
- @Override
- public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
- Attributes attributes) throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("start element");
- }
- @Override
- public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
- throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("finish element");
- }
- }
- import java.io.File;
- import java.util.Stack;
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
- import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
- import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
- import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
- public class SaxTest2
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
- SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
- parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler2());
- }
- }
- class MyHandler2 extends DefaultHandler
- {
- private Stack<String> stack = new Stack<String>();
- private String name;
- private String gender;
- private String age;
- @Override
- public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
- Attributes attributes) throws SAXException
- {
- stack.push(qName);
- for(int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++)
- {
- String attrName = attributes.getQName(i);
- String attrValue = attributes.getValue(i);
- System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
- throws SAXException
- {
- String tag = stack.peek();
- if("姓名".equals(tag))
- {
- name = new String(ch, start,length);
- }
- else if("性别".equals(tag))
- {
- gender = new String(ch, start, length);
- }
- else if("年龄".equals(tag))
- {
- age = new String(ch, start, length);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
- throws SAXException
- {
- stack.pop(); //表示该元素已经解析完毕,需要从栈中弹出
- if("学生".equals(qName))
- {
- System.out.println("姓名:" + name);
- System.out.println("性别:" + gender);
- System.out.println("年龄:" + age);
- System.out.println();
- }
- }
- }
JDOM:
JDOM是一个开源项目,它基于树型结构,利用纯JAVA的技术对XML文档实现解析、生成、序列化以及多种操作。(http://jdom.org)
•JDOM 直接为JAVA编程服务。它利用更为强有力的JAVA语言的诸多特性(方法重载、集合概念等),把SAX和DOM的功能有效地结合起来。
•JDOM是用Java语言读、写、操作XML的新API函数。在直接、简单和高效的前提下,这些API函数被最大限度的优化。
jdom创建xml
- import java.io.FileWriter;
- import org.jdom.Attribute;
- import org.jdom.Comment;
- import org.jdom.Document;
- import org.jdom.Element;
- import org.jdom.output.Format;
- import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
- public class JDomTest1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- Document document = new Document();
- Element root = new Element("root");
- document.addContent(root);
- Comment comment = new Comment("This is my comments");
- root.addContent(comment);
- Element e = new Element("hello");
- e.setAttribute("sohu", "www.sohu.com");
- root.addContent(e);
- Element e2 = new Element("world");
- Attribute attr = new Attribute("test", "hehe");
- e2.setAttribute(attr);
- e.addContent(e2);
- e2.addContent(new Element("aaa").setAttribute("a", "b")
- .setAttribute("x", "y").setAttribute("gg", "hh").setText("text content"));
- Format format = Format.getPrettyFormat();
- format.setIndent(" ");
- // format.setEncoding("gbk");
- XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(format);
- out.output(document, new FileWriter("jdom.xml"));
- }
- }
JDOM解析xml
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.jdom.Attribute;
- import org.jdom.Document;
- import org.jdom.Element;
- import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
- import org.jdom.output.Format;
- import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
- public class JDomTest2
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();
- Document doc = builder.build(new File("jdom.xml"));
- Element element = doc.getRootElement();
- System.out.println(element.getName());
- Element hello = element.getChild("hello");
- System.out.println(hello.getText());
- List list = hello.getAttributes();
- for(int i = 0 ;i < list.size(); i++)
- {
- Attribute attr = (Attribute)list.get(i);
- String attrName = attr.getName();
- String attrValue = attr.getValue();
- System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue);
- }
- hello.removeChild("world");
- XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat().setIndent(" "));
- out.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("jdom2.xml"));
- }
- }
Dom4j
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.FileWriter;
- import org.dom4j.Document;
- import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
- import org.dom4j.Element;
- import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
- import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
- public class Test1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- // 创建文档并设置文档的根元素节点 :第一种方式
- // Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
- //
- // Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student");
- //
- // document.setRootElement(root);
- // 创建文档并设置文档的根元素节点 :第二种方式
- Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student");
- Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(root);
- root.addAttribute("name", "zhangsan");
- Element helloElement = root.addElement("hello");
- Element worldElement = root.addElement("world");
- helloElement.setText("hello");
- worldElement.setText("world");
- helloElement.addAttribute("age", "20");
- XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter();
- xmlWriter.write(document);
- OutputFormat format = new OutputFormat(" ", true);
- XMLWriter xmlWriter2 = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("student2.xml"), format);
- xmlWriter2.write(document);
- XMLWriter xmlWriter3 = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("student3.xml"), format);
- xmlWriter3.write(document);
- xmlWriter3.close();
- }
- }
- import java.io.File;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
- import org.dom4j.Document;
- import org.dom4j.Element;
- import org.dom4j.io.DOMReader;
- import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
- public class Test2
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
- Document doc = saxReader.read(new File("student2.xml"));
- Element root = doc.getRootElement();
- System.out.println("root element: " + root.getName());
- List childList = root.elements();
- System.out.println(childList.size());
- List childList2 = root.elements("hello");
- System.out.println(childList2.size());
- Element first = root.element("hello");
- System.out.println(first.attributeValue("age"));
- for(Iterator iter = root.elementIterator(); iter.hasNext();)
- {
- Element e = (Element)iter.next();
- System.out.println(e.attributeValue("age"));
- }
- System.out.println("---------------------------");
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
- DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
- org.w3c.dom.Document document = db.parse(new File("student2.xml"));
- DOMReader domReader = new DOMReader();
- //将JAXP的Document转换为dom4j的Document
- Document d = domReader.read(document);
- Element rootElement = d.getRootElement();
- System.out.println(rootElement.getName());
- }
- }
- import java.io.FileWriter;
- import org.jdom.Attribute;
- import org.jdom.Document;
- import org.jdom.Element;
- import org.jdom.output.Format;
- import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
- public class Test3
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- Document document = new Document();
- Element root = new Element("联系人列表").setAttribute(new Attribute("公司",
- "A集团"));
- document.addContent(root);
- Element contactPerson = new Element("联系人");
- root.addContent(contactPerson);
- contactPerson
- .addContent(new Element("姓名").setText("张三"))
- .addContent(new Element("公司").setText("A公司"))
- .addContent(new Element("电话").setText("021-55556666"))
- .addContent(
- new Element("地址")
- .addContent(new Element("街道").setText("5街"))
- .addContent(new Element("城市").setText("上海"))
- .addContent(new Element("省份").setText("上海市")));
- XMLOutputter output = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat()
- .setIndent(" ").setEncoding("gbk"));
- output.output(document, new FileWriter("contact.xml"));
- }
- }
附:
XML现在已经成为一种通用的数据交换格式,它的平台无关性,语言无关性,系统无关性,给数据集成与交互带来了极大的方便。对于XML本身的语法知识与技术细节,需要阅读相关的技术文献,这里面包括的内容有DOM(Document Object Model),DTD(Document Type Definition),SAX(Simple API for XML),XSD(Xml Schema Definition),XSLT(Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations),具体可参阅w3c官方网站文档http://www.w3.org获取更多信息。
XML在不同的语言里解析方式都是一样的,只不过实现的语法不同而已。基本的解析方式有两种,一种叫SAX,另一种叫DOM。SAX是基于事件流的解析,DOM是基于XML文档树结构的解析。假设我们XML的内容和结构如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
本文使用JAVA语言来实现DOM与SAX的XML文档生成与解析。
首先定义一个操作XML文档的接口XmlDocument 它定义了XML文档的建立与解析的接口。
package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; |
1.DOM生成和解析XML文档
为 XML 文档的已解析版本定义了一组接口。解析器读入整个文档,然后构建一个驻留内存的树结构,然后代码就可以使用 DOM 接口来操作这个树结构。优点:整个文档树在内存中,便于操作;支持删除、修改、重新排列等多种功能;缺点:将整个文档调入内存(包括无用的节点),浪费时间和空间;使用场合:一旦解析了文档还需多次访问这些数据;硬件资源充足(内存、CPU)。
package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* DOM生成与解析XML文档
*/
public class DomDemo implements XmlDocument {
private Document document;
private String fileName;
public void init() {
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
this.document = builder.newDocument();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
public void createXml(String fileName) {
Element root = this.document.createElement("employees");
this.document.appendChild(root);
Element employee = this.document.createElement("employee");
Element name = this.document.createElement("name");
name.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("丁宏亮"));
employee.appendChild(name);
Element sex = this.document.createElement("sex");
sex.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("m"));
employee.appendChild(sex);
Element age = this.document.createElement("age");
age.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("30"));
employee.appendChild(age);
root.appendChild(employee);
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try {
Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(fileName));
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw);
transformer.transform(source, result);
System.out.println("生成XML文件成功!");
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (TransformerException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = db.parse(fileName);
NodeList employees = document.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < employees.getLength(); i++) {
Node employee = employees.item(i);
NodeList employeeInfo = employee.getChildNodes();
for (int j = 0; j < employeeInfo.getLength(); j++) {
Node node = employeeInfo.item(j);
NodeList employeeMeta = node.getChildNodes();
for (int k = 0; k < employeeMeta.getLength(); k++) {
System.out.println(employeeMeta.item(k).getNodeName()
+ ":" + employeeMeta.item(k).getTextContent());
}
}
}
System.out.println("解析完毕");
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (SAXException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
2.SAX生成和解析XML文档
为解决DOM的问题,出现了SAX。SAX ,事件驱动。当解析器发现元素开始、元素结束、文本、文档的开始或结束等时,发送事件,程序员编写响应这些事件的代码,保存数据。优点:不用事先调入整个文档,占用资源少;SAX解析器代码比DOM解析器代码小,适于Applet,下载。缺点:不是持久的;事件过后,若没保存数据,那么数据就丢了;无状态性;从事件中只能得到文本,但不知该文本属于哪个元素;使用场合:Applet;只需XML文档的少量内容,很少回头访问;机器内存少;
Java代码
package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* SAX文档解析
*/
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument {
public void createXml(String fileName) {
System.out.println("<<"+filename+">>");
}
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser();
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);
saxparser.parse(is, new MySAXHandler());
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler {
boolean hasAttribute = false;
Attributes attributes = null;
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
System.out.println("文档开始打印了");
}
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
System.out.println("文档打印结束了");
}
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
if (qName.equals("employees")) {
return;
}
if (qName.equals("employee")) {
System.out.println(qName);
}
if (attributes.getLength() > 0) {
this.attributes = attributes;
this.hasAttribute = true;
}
}
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) {
for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0)
+ attributes.getValue(0));
}
}
}
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
System.out.println(new String(ch, start, length));
}
}
package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* SAX文档解析
*/
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument {
public void createXml(String fileName) {
System.out.println("<<"+filename+">>");
}
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser();
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);
saxparser.parse(is, new MySAXHandler());
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler {
boolean hasAttribute = false;
Attributes attributes = null;
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
System.out.println("文档开始打印了");
}
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
System.out.println("文档打印结束了");
}
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
if (qName.equals("employees")) {
return;
}
if (qName.equals("employee")) {
System.out.println(qName);
}
if (attributes.getLength() > 0) {
this.attributes = attributes;
this.hasAttribute = true;
}
}
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) {
for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0)
+ attributes.getValue(0));
}
}
}
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
System.out.println(new String(ch, start, length));
}
}
3.DOM4J生成和解析XML文档
DOM4J 是一个非常非常优秀的Java XML API,具有性能优异、功能强大和极端易用使用的特点,同时它也是一个开放源代码的软件。如今你可以看到越来越多的 Java 软件都在使用 DOM4J 来读写 XML,特别值得一提的是连 Sun 的 JAXM 也在用 DOM4J。
Java代码
package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* Dom4j 生成XML文档与解析XML文档
*/
public class Dom4jDemo implements XmlDocument {
public void createXml(String fileName) {
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
Element employees=document.addElement("employees");
Element employee=employees.addElement("employee");
Element name= employee.addElement("name");
name.setText("ddvip");
Element sex=employee.addElement("sex");
sex.setText("m");
Element age=employee.addElement("age");
age.setText("29");
try {
Writer fileWriter=new FileWriter(fileName);
XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(fileWriter);
xmlWriter.write(document);
xmlWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
File inputXml=new File(fileName);
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
try {
Document document = saxReader.read(inputXml);
Element employees=document.getRootElement();
for(Iterator i = employees.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();){
Element employee = (Element) i.next();
for(Iterator j = employee.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();){
Element node=(Element) j.next();
System.out.println(node.getName()+":"+node.getText());
}
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
System.out.println("dom4j parserXml");
}
}
4.JDOM生成和解析XML
为减少DOM、SAX的编码量,出现了JDOM;优点:20-80原则,极大减少了代码量。使用场合:要实现的功能简单,如解析、创建等,但在底层,JDOM还是使用SAX(最常用)、DOM、Xanan文档。
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.io.FileNotFoundException; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.io.FileOutputStream; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.io.IOException; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.util.List; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.Document; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.Element; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.JDOMException; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />/** <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />* <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />* @author hongliang.dinghl <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />* JDOM 生成与解析XML文档 <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />* <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />*/ <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />public class JDomDemo implements XmlDocument { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />public void createXml(String fileName) { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Document document; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element root; <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />root=new Element("employees"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />document=new Document(root); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element employee=new Element("employee"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />root.addContent(employee); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element name=new Element("name"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />name.setText("ddvip"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />employee.addContent(name); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element sex=new Element("sex"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />sex.setText("m"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />employee.addContent(sex); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element age=new Element("age"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />age.setText("23"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />employee.addContent(age); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />XMLOutputter XMLOut = new XMLOutputter(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />try { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />XMLOut.output(document, new FileOutputStream(fileName)); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (IOException e) { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />public void parserXml(String fileName) { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />SAXBuilder builder=new SAXBuilder(false); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />try { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Document document=builder.build(fileName); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element employees=document.getRootElement(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />List employeeList=employees.getChildren("employee"); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />for(int i=0;i<employeelist.size();i++){ Element employee=(Element)employeeList.get(i); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />List employeeInfo=employee.getChildren(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />for(int j=0;j<employeeinfo.size();j++){ System.out.println(((Element)employeeInfo.get(j)).getName()+":"+((Element)employeeInfo.get(j)).getValue()); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (JDOMException e) { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (IOException e) { <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace(); <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} </span>