问题及代码:
/*
* Copyright (c)2016,烟台大学计算机与控制工程学院
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称:项目5.cpp
* 作 者:董雪
* 完成日期:2016年9月22日
* 版 本 号:v1.0
*问题描述:设非空线性表ha和hb都用带头节点的循环双链表表示。设计一个算法Insert(ha,hb,i)。
其功能是:i=0时,将线性表hb插入到线性表ha的最前面;当i>0时,将线性表hb插入到
线性表ha中第i个节点的后面;当i大于等于线性表ha的长度时,将线性表hb插入到线性表ha的最后面。
*输入描述:无。
*程序输出:新链表。
*/
1.头文件:cdlinklist.h,包含定义双链表数据结构的代码、宏定义、要实现算法的函数的声明;<pre class="prettyprint"><code class=" hljs vala"><span class="hljs-preprocessor">#ifndef CDLINKLIST_H_INCLUDED</span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor">#define CDLINKLIST_H_INCLUDED</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//循环双链表基本运算函数</span>
typedef <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ElemType;
typedef <span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> DNode <span class="hljs-comment">//定义双链表结点类型</span>
{
ElemType data;
<span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> DNode *prior; <span class="hljs-comment">//指向前驱结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> DNode *next; <span class="hljs-comment">//指向后继结点</span>
} CDLinkList;
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CreateListF(CDLinkList *&L,ElemType a[],<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> n); <span class="hljs-comment">//头插法建立循环双链表</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CreateListR(CDLinkList *&L,ElemType a[],<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> n); <span class="hljs-comment">//尾插法建立循环双链表</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> InitList(CDLinkList *&L); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化循环双链表</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> DestroyList(CDLinkList *&L); <span class="hljs-comment">//销毁</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ListEmpty(CDLinkList *L); <span class="hljs-comment">//判断是否为空</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ListLength(CDLinkList *L); <span class="hljs-comment">//求链表长度</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> DispList(CDLinkList *L); <span class="hljs-comment">//输出链表</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> GetElem(CDLinkList *L,<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i,ElemType &e); <span class="hljs-comment">//取链表元素</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> LocateElem(CDLinkList *L,ElemType e); <span class="hljs-comment">//查找元素</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ListInsert(CDLinkList *&L,<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i,ElemType e); <span class="hljs-comment">//插入节点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ListDelete(CDLinkList *&L,<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i,ElemType &e); <span class="hljs-comment">//删除节点</span>
2.源文件:cdlinklist.cpp,包含实现各种算法的函数的定义</code><pre class="prettyprint"><code class=" hljs cpp"><span class="hljs-comment">//循环双链表基本运算函数</span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <stdio.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <malloc.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include "cdlinklist.h"</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CreateListF(CDLinkList *&L,ElemType a[],<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> n) <span class="hljs-comment">//头插法建立循环双链表</span>
{
CDLinkList *s;
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i;
L=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList)); <span class="hljs-comment">//创建头结点</span>
L->next=NULL;
<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (i=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i<n; i++)
{
s=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList));<span class="hljs-comment">//创建新结点</span>
s->data=a[i];
s->next=L->next; <span class="hljs-comment">//将*s插在原开始结点之前,头结点之后</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (L->next!=NULL) L->next->prior=s;
L->next=s;
s->prior=L;
}
s=L->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (s->next!=NULL) <span class="hljs-comment">//查找尾结点,由s指向它</span>
s=s->next;
s->next=L; <span class="hljs-comment">//尾结点next域指向头结点</span>
L->prior=s; <span class="hljs-comment">//头结点的prior域指向尾结点</span>
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CreateListR(CDLinkList *&L,ElemType a[],<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> n) <span class="hljs-comment">//尾插法建立循环双链表</span>
{
CDLinkList *s,*r;
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i;
L=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList)); <span class="hljs-comment">//创建头结点</span>
L->next=NULL;
r=L; <span class="hljs-comment">//r始终指向尾结点,开始时指向头结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (i=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i<n; i++)
{
s=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList));<span class="hljs-comment">//创建新结点</span>
s->data=a[i];
r->next=s;
s->prior=r; <span class="hljs-comment">//将*s插入*r之后</span>
r=s;
}
r->next=L; <span class="hljs-comment">//尾结点next域指向头结点</span>
L->prior=r; <span class="hljs-comment">//头结点的prior域指向尾结点</span>
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> InitList(CDLinkList *&L) <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化循环双链表</span>
{
L=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList)); <span class="hljs-comment">//创建头结点</span>
L->prior=L->next=L;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> DestroyList(CDLinkList *&L) <span class="hljs-comment">//销毁</span>
{
CDLinkList *p=L,*q=p->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (q!=L)
{
<span class="hljs-built_in">free</span>(p);
p=q;
q=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-built_in">free</span>(p);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ListEmpty(CDLinkList *L) <span class="hljs-comment">//判断是否为空</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>(L->next==L);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ListLength(CDLinkList *L) <span class="hljs-comment">//求链表长度</span>
{
CDLinkList *p=L;
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (p->next!=L)
{
i++;
p=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>(i);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> DispList(CDLinkList *L) <span class="hljs-comment">//输出链表</span>
{
CDLinkList *p=L->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (p!=L)
{
<span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"%d "</span>,p->data);
p=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"\n"</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> GetElem(CDLinkList *L,<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i,ElemType &e) <span class="hljs-comment">//取链表元素</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> j=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
CDLinkList *p;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (L->next!=L) <span class="hljs-comment">//双链表不为空表时</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (i==<span class="hljs-number">1</span>)
{
e=L->next->data;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//i不为1时</span>
{
p=L->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (j<i-<span class="hljs-number">1</span> && p!=L)
{
j++;
p=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p==L)
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>
{
e=p->data;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
}
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//双链表为空表时</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> LocateElem(CDLinkList *L,ElemType e) <span class="hljs-comment">//查找元素</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> n=<span class="hljs-number">1</span>;
CDLinkList *p=L->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (p!=NULL && p->data!=e)
{
n++;
p=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p==NULL)
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>(n);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ListInsert(CDLinkList *&L,<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i,ElemType e) <span class="hljs-comment">//插入节点</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> j=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
CDLinkList *p=L,*s;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p->next==L) <span class="hljs-comment">//原双链表为空表时</span>
{
s=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList)); <span class="hljs-comment">//创建新结点*s</span>
s->data=e;
p->next=s;
s->next=p;
p->prior=s;
s->prior=p;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (i==<span class="hljs-number">1</span>) <span class="hljs-comment">//原双链表不为空表但i=1时</span>
{
s=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList)); <span class="hljs-comment">//创建新结点*s</span>
s->data=e;
s->next=p->next;
p->next=s; <span class="hljs-comment">//将*s插入到*p之后</span>
s->next->prior=s;
s->prior=p;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>
{
p=L->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (j<i-<span class="hljs-number">2</span> && p!=L)
{
j++;
p=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p==L) <span class="hljs-comment">//未找到第i-1个结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//找到第i-1个结点*p</span>
{
s=(CDLinkList *)<span class="hljs-built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(CDLinkList)); <span class="hljs-comment">//创建新结点*s</span>
s->data=e;
s->next=p->next; <span class="hljs-comment">//将*s插入到*p之后</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p->next!=NULL) p->next->prior=s;
s->prior=p;
p->next=s;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
}
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ListDelete(CDLinkList *&L,<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i,ElemType &e) <span class="hljs-comment">//删除节点</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> j=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
CDLinkList *p=L,*q;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p->next!=L) <span class="hljs-comment">//原双链表不为空表时</span>
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (i==<span class="hljs-number">1</span>) <span class="hljs-comment">//i==1时</span>
{
q=L->next; <span class="hljs-comment">//删除第1个结点</span>
e=q->data;
L->next=q->next;
q->next->prior=L;
<span class="hljs-built_in">free</span>(q);
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//i不为1时</span>
{
p=L->next;
<span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (j<i-<span class="hljs-number">2</span> && p!=NULL)
{
j++;
p=p->next;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p==NULL) <span class="hljs-comment">//未找到第i-1个结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//找到第i-1个结点*p</span>
{
q=p->next; <span class="hljs-comment">//q指向要删除的结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (q==NULL) <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//不存在第i个结点</span>
e=q->data;
p->next=q->next; <span class="hljs-comment">//从单链表中删除*q结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (p->next!=NULL) p->next->prior=p;
<span class="hljs-built_in">free</span>(q); <span class="hljs-comment">//释放*q结点</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>;
}
}
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//原双链表为空表时</span>
}</code>
源文件 main.cpp
#include "dlinklist.h"
void Insert(CDLinkList *&ha, CDLinkList *&hb,int i)
{
CDLinkList *p=ha->next,*q;
int lena=1,j=1;
while (p->next!=ha) //求出ha的长度lena
{
lena++;
p=p->next;
}
if (i==0) //将hb的所有数据结点插入到ha的头结点和第1个数据结点之间
{
p=hb->prior; //p指向hb的最后一个结点/
p->next=ha->next; //将*p链到ha的第1个数据结点前面
ha->next->prior=p;
ha->next=hb->next;
hb->next->prior=ha; //将ha头结点与hb的第1个数据结点链起来
}
else if (i<lena) //将hb插入到ha中间
{
p=ha->next;
while (j<i) //在ha中查找第i个结点*p
{
j++;
p=p->next;
}
q=p->next; //q指向*p结点的后继结点/
p->next=hb->next; //hb->prior指向hb的最后一个结点
hb->next->prior=p;
hb->prior->next=q;
q->prior=hb->prior;
}
else //将hb链到ha之后
{
ha->prior->next=hb->next; //ha->prior指向ha的最后一个结点
hb->next->prior=ha->prior;
hb->prior->next=ha;
ha->prior=hb->prior;
}
free(hb); //释放hb头结点
}
int main()
{
CDLinkList *HA, *HB;
ElemType ha[]= {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ,8, 9};
InitList(HA);
CreateListF(HA, ha, 10);
ElemType hb[]= {100, 200, 300, 400, 500};
InitList(HB);
CreateListF(HB, hb, 5);
printf("HA: ");
DispList(HA);
printf("HB: ");
DispList(HB);
Insert(HA, HB, 0); //将0改为其他值,多次运行程序完成测试
printf("new HA: ");
DispList(HA);
DestroyList(HA);
return 0;
}
<code class=" hljs vala"><code class=" hljs cpp">运行结果截图:<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160922105152540?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" alt="" /></code></code><pre class="prettyprint">
知识点总结:双链表算法库采用程序的多文件组织形式。
学习心得:不是很理解。