Kotlin协程介绍(四)创建协程 launch中介绍了可以使用launch创建并启动一个协程,除此之外还可以通过async创建并启动一个协程:
public fun <T> CoroutineScope.async(
context: CoroutineContext = EmptyCoroutineContext,
start: CoroutineStart = CoroutineStart.DEFAULT,
block: suspend CoroutineScope.() -> T
): Deferred<T> {
val newContext = newCoroutineContext(context)
val coroutine = if (start.isLazy)
LazyDeferredCoroutine(newContext, block) else
DeferredCoroutine<T>(newContext, active = true)
coroutine.start(start, coroutine, block)
return coroutine
}
async的函数签名和几乎完全相同,同样是CoroutineScope的一个扩展函数,用于开启一个新的子协程,与 launch 函数一样可以设置启动模式,不同的是它的返回值为 Deferred,Deferred是Job的子类,但是通过Deferred.await()可以得到一个返回值,简单理解的话,这就是一个带返回值的 launch 函数
data class Profile(val name: String = "Jack")
//heavy work
fun loadProfile(): Profile {
val profile = http.get(“http:/.”)
return profile
}
launch(UI) {
prograssBar.isVisible = true
val profile = async { loadProfile() }.await()
nameText.text = profile.name
prograssBar.isVisible = false
}
async/await是Future/Promise模型的非阻塞版,所以可以像Promise一样方便地实现各种顺序的逻辑,且不必担心阻塞线程
串行执行
launch(UI) {
prograssBar.isVisible = true
val token = async { getToken() }
val profile = async { loadProfile(token.await()) }.await()
nameText.text = profile.name
prograssBar.isVisible = false
}
并行执行
launch(UI) {
prograssBar.isVisible = true
val profile = async { loadProfile() }
val articles = async { loadArticles() }
show(profile.await(), articles.await())
prograssBar.isVisible = false
}