初学者须知——HTML里有些字符有特别的含义

原文：初学者须知——HTML里有些字符有特别的含义

NanShan 小编发现在HTML里有些字符有特别的含义而且初学者跟小编一样都是比较容易弄错的

有些字符在HTML里有特别的含义，比如小于号<就表示HTML Tag的开始，这个小于号是不显示在我们最终看到的网页里的。那如果我们希望在网页中显示一个小于号，该怎么办呢？

这就要说到HTML字符实体(HTML Character Entities)了。

一个字符实体(Character Entity)分成三部分：第一部分是一个&符号，英文叫ampersand；第二部分是实体(Entity)名字或者是#加上实体(Entity)编号；第三部分是一个分号。

比如，要显示小于号，就可以写&lt;或者&#60;。

用实体(Entity)名字的好处是比较好理解，一看lt，大概就猜出是less than的意思，但是其劣势在于并不是所有的浏览器都支持最新的Entity名字。而实体(Entity)编号，各种浏览器都能处理。

注意：Entity是区分大小写的。

如何显示空格

通常情况下，HTML会自动截去多余的空格。不管你加多少空格，都被看做一个空格。比如你在两个字之间加了10个空格，HTML会截去9个空格，只保留一个。为了在网页中增加空格，你可以使用&nbsp;表示空格。

最常用的字符实体(Character Entities)

显示结果	说明	Entity Name	Entity Number
	显示一个空格	 	 
<	小于	&lt;	&#60;
>	大于	&gt;	&#62;
&	&符号	&amp;	&#38;
"	双引号	&quot;	&#34;

其他常用的字符实体(Character Entities)

显示结果	说明	Entity Name	Entity Number
?	版权	©	©
?	注册商标	®	®
×	乘号	×	×
÷	除号	÷	÷

 

ISO Latin-1字符集:

字符	十进制字符编号	实体名字	说明
---	�	---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---			---	制表符Horizontal tab
---	
	---	换行Line feed
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---	
	---	回车Carriage Return
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
---		---	未使用Unused
	 	---	Space
!	!	---	惊叹号Exclamation mark
"	"	"	双引号Quotation mark
#	#	---	数字标志Number sign
$	$	---	美元标志Dollar sign
%	%	---	百分号Percent sign
&	&	&	Ampersand
"	'	---	单引号Apostrophe
(	(	---	小括号左边部分Left parenthesis
)	)	---	小括号右边部分Right parenthesis
*	*	---	星号Asterisk
+	+	---	加号Plus sign
,	,	---	逗号Comma
-	-	---	连字号Hyphen
.	.	---	句号Period (fullstop)
/	/	---	斜杠Solidus (slash)
0	0	---	数字0 Digit 0
1	1	---	数字1 Digit 1
2	2	---	数字2 Digit 2
3	3	---	数字3 Digit 3
4	4	---	数字4 Digit 4
5	5	---	数字5 Digit 5
6	6	---	数字6 Digit 6
7	7	---	数字7 Digit 7
8	8	---	数字8 Digit 8
9	9	---	数字9 Digit 9
:	:	---	冒号Colon
;	&#59;	---	分号Semicolon
<	&#60;	&lt;	小于号Less than
=	&#61;	---	等于符号Equals sign
>	&#62;	&gt;	大于号Greater than
?	&#63;	---	问号Question mark
@	&#64;	---	Commercial at
A	&#65;	---	大写A Capital A
B	&#66;	---	大写B Capital B
C	&#67;	---	大写C Capital C
D	&#68;	---	大写D Capital D
E	&#69;	---	大写E Capital E
F	&#70;	---	大写F Capital F
G	&#71;	---	大写G Capital G
H	&#72;	---	大写H Capital H
I	&#73;	---	大写J Capital I
J	&#74;	---	大写K Capital J
K	&#75;	---	大写L Capital K
L	&#76;	---	大写K Capital L
M	&#77;	---	大写M Capital M
N	&#78;	---	大写N Capital N
O	&#79;	---	大写O Capital O
P	&#80;	---	大写P Capital P
Q	&#81;	---	大写Q Capital Q
R	&#82;	---	大写R Capital R
S	&#83;	---	大写S Capital S
T	&#84;	---	大写T Capital T
U	&#85;	---	大写U Capital U
V	&#86;	---	大写V Capital V
W	&#87;	---	大写W Capital W
X	&#88;	---	大写X Capital X
Y	&#89;	---	大写Y Capital Y
Z	&#90;	---	大写Z Capital Z
[	&#91;	---	中括号左边部分Left square bracket
\	&#92;	---	反斜杠Reverse solidus (backslash)
]	&#93;	---	中括号右边部分Right square bracket
^	&#94;	---	Caret
_	&#95;	---	下划线Horizontal bar (underscore)
`	&#96;	---	尖重音符Acute accent
a	&#97;	---	小写a Small a
b	&#98;	---	小写b Small b
c	&#99;	---	小写c Small c
d	&#100;	---	小写d Small d
e	&#101;	---	小写e Small e
f	&#102;	---	小写f Small f
g	&#103;	---	小写g Small g
h	&#104;	---	小写h Small h
i	&#105;	---	小写i Small i
j	&#106;	---	小写j Small j
k	&#107;	---	小写k Small k
l	&#108;	---	小写l Small l
m	&#109;	---	小写m Small m
n	&#110;	---	小写n Small n
o	&#111;	---	小写o Small o
p	&#112;	---	小写p Small p
q	&#113;	---	小写q Small q
r	&#114;	---	小写r Small r
s	&#115;	---	小写s Small s
t	&#116;	---	小写t Small t
u	&#117;	---	小写u Small u
v	&#118;	---	小写v Small v
w	&#119;	---	小写w Small w
x	&#120;	---	小写x Small x
y	&#121;	---	小写y Small y
z	&#122;	---	小写z Small z
｛	&#123;	---	大括号左边部分Left curly brace
|	&#124;	---	竖线Vertical bar
｝	&#125;	---	大括号右边部分Right curly brace
~	&#126;	---	Tilde
---	&#127;	---	未使用Unused
	&#160;	&nbsp;	空格Nonbreaking space
?	&#161;	&iexcl;	Inverted exclamation
￠	&#162;	&cent;	货币分标志Cent sign
￡	&#163;	&pound;	英镑标志Pound sterling
¤	&#164;	&curren;	通用货币标志General currency sign
￥	&#165;	&yen;	日元标志Yen sign
|	&#166;	&brvbar; or &brkbar;	断竖线Broken vertical bar
§	&#167;	&sect;	分节号Section sign
¨	&#168;	&uml; or &die;	变音符号Umlaut
?	&#169;	&copy;	版权标志Copyright
a	&#170;	&ordf;	Feminine ordinal
?	&#171;	&laquo;	Left angle quote, guillemet left
?	&#172;	&not	Not sign
	&#173;	&shy;	Soft hyphen
?	&#174;	&reg;	注册商标标志Registered trademark
ˉ	&#175;	&macr; or &hibar;	长音符号Macron accent
°	&#176;	&deg;	度数标志Degree sign
±	&#177;	&plusmn;	加或减Plus or minus
2	&#178;	&sup2;	上标2 Superscript two
3	&#179;	&sup3;	上标3 Superscript three
′	&#180;	&acute;	尖重音符Acute accent
μ	&#181;	&micro;	Micro sign
?	&#182;	&para;	Paragraph sign
·	&#183;	&middot;	Middle dot
?	&#184;	&cedil;	Cedilla
1	&#185;	&sup1;	上标1 Superscript one
o	&#186;	&ordm;	Masculine ordinal
?	&#187;	&raquo;	Right angle quote, guillemet right
?	&#188;	&frac14;	四分之一Fraction one-fourth
?	&#189;	&frac12;	二分之一Fraction one-half
?	&#190;	&frac34;	四分之三Fraction three-fourths
?	&#191;	&iquest;	Inverted question mark
à	&#192;	&Agrave;	Capital A, grave accent
á	&#193;	&Aacute;	Capital A, acute accent
?	&#194;	&Acirc;	Capital A, circumflex
?	&#195;	&Atilde;	Capital A, tilde
?	&#196;	&Auml;	Capital A, di?esis / umlaut
?	&#197;	&Aring;	Capital A, ring
?	&#198;	&AElig;	Capital AE ligature
?	&#199;	&Ccedil;	Capital C, cedilla
è	&#200;	&Egrave;	Capital E, grave accent
é	&#201;	&Eacute;	Capital E, acute accent
ê	&#202;	&Ecirc;	Capital E, circumflex
?	&#203;	&Euml;	Capital E, di?esis / umlaut
ì	&#204;	&Igrave;	Capital I, grave accent
í	&#205;	&Iacute;	Capital I, acute accent
?	&#206;	&Icirc;	Capital I, circumflex
?	&#207;	&Iuml;	Capital I, di?esis / umlaut
D	&#208;	&ETH;	Capital Eth, Icelandic
?	&#209;	&Ntilde;	Capital N, tilde
ò	&#210;	&Ograve;	Capital O, grave accent
ó	&#211;	&Oacute;	Capital O, acute accent
?	&#212;	&Ocirc;	Capital O, circumflex
?	&#213;	&Otilde;	Capital O, tilde
?	&#214;	&Ouml;	Capital O, di?esis / umlaut
×	&#215;	&times;	乘号Multiply sign
?	&#216;	&Oslash;	Capital O, slash
ù	&#217;	&Ugrave;	Capital U, grave accent
ú	&#218;	&Uacute;	Capital U, acute accent
?	&#219;	&Ucirc;	Capital U, circumflex
ü	&#220;	&Uuml;	Capital U, di?esis / umlaut
Y	&#221;	&Yacute;	Capital Y, acute accent
T	&#222;	&THORN;	Capital Thorn, Icelandic
?	&#223;	&szlig;	Small sharp s, German sz
à	&#224;	&agrave;	Small a, grave accent
á	&#225;	&aacute;	Small a, acute accent
a	&#226;	&acirc;	Small a, circumflex
?	&#227;	&atilde;	Small a, tilde
?	&#228;	&auml;	Small a, di?esis / umlaut
?	&#229;	&aring;	Small a, ring
?	&#230;	&aelig;	Small ae ligature
?	&#231;	&ccedil;	Small c, cedilla
è	&#232;	&egrave;	Small e, grave accent
é	&#233;	&eacute;	Small e, acute accent
ê	&#234;	&ecirc;	Small e, circumflex
?	&#235;	&euml;	Small e, di?esis / umlaut
ì	&#236;	&igrave;	Small i, grave accent
í	&#237;	&iacute;	Small i, acute accent
?	&#238;	&icirc;	Small i, circumflex
?	&#239;	&iuml;	Small i, di?esis / umlaut
e	&#240;	&eth;	Small eth, Icelandic
?	&#241;	&ntilde;	Small n, tilde
ò	&#242;	&ograve;	Small o, grave accent
ó	&#243;	&oacute;	Small o, acute accent
?	&#244;	&ocirc;	Small o, circumflex
?	&#245;	&otilde;	Small o, tilde
?	&#246;	&ouml;	Small o, di?esis / umlaut
÷	&#247;	&divide;	除号Division sign
?	&#248;	&oslash;	Small o, slash
ù	&#249;	&ugrave;	Small u, grave accent
ú	&#250;	&uacute;	Small u, acute accent
?	&#251;	&ucirc;	Small u, circumflex
ü	&#252;	&uuml;	Small u, di?esis / umlaut
y	&#253;	&yacute;	Small y, acute accent
t	&#254;	&thorn;	Small thorn, Icelandic
?	&#255;	&yuml;	Small y, umlaut

 

symbols, mathematical symbols, and Greek letters

?	ƒ	Α	Α	Β	Β	Γ	Γ	Δ	Δ
Ε	Ε	Ζ	Ζ	Η	Η	Θ	Θ	Ι	Ι
Κ	Κ	Λ	Λ	Μ	Μ	Ν	Ν	Ξ	Ξ
Ο	Ο	Π	Π	Ρ	Ρ	Σ	Σ	Τ	Τ
Υ	Υ	Φ	Φ	Χ	Χ	Ψ	Ψ	Ω	Ω
α	α	β	β	γ	γ	δ	δ	ε	ε
ζ	ζ	η	η	θ	θ	ι	ι	κ	κ
λ	λ	μ	μ	ν	ν	ξ	ξ	ο	ο
π	π	ρ	ρ	?	ς	σ	σ	τ	τ
υ	υ	φ	φ	χ	χ	ψ	ψ	ω	ω
?	ϑ	?	ϒ	?	ϖ	?	•	…	…
′	′	″	″	￣	‾	?	⁄	?	℘
?	ℑ	?	ℜ	?	™	?	ℵ	←	←
↑	↑	→	→	↓	↓	?	↔	?	↵
?	⇐	?	⇑	?	⇒	?	⇓	?	⇔
?	∀	?	∂	?	∃	?	∅	?	∇
∈	∈	?	∉	?	∋	∏	∏	∑	∑
?	−	?	∗	√	√	∝	∝	∞	∞
∠	∠	∧	∧	∨	∨	∩	∩	∪	∪
∫	∫	∴	∴	～	∼	?	≅	≈	≈
≠	≠	≡	≡	≤	≤	≥	≥	?	⊂
?	⊃	?	⊄	?	⊆	?	⊇	⊕	⊕
?	⊗	⊥	⊥	?	⋅	?	⌈	?	⌉
?	⌊	?	⌋	?	⟨	?	⟩	?	◊
?	♠	?	♣	?	♥	?	♦

markup-significant and internationalization characters

“	&quot;	&	&amp;	<	&lt;	>	&gt;	?	&OElig;
?	&oelig;	?	&Scaron;	?	&scaron;	?	&Yuml;	?	&circ;
?	&tilde;	?	&ensp;	?	&emsp;	?	&thinsp;	?	&zwnj;
?	&zwj;	?	&lrm;	?	&rlm;	–	&ndash;	—	&mdash;
‘	&lsquo;	’	&rsquo;	?	&sbquo;	“	&ldquo;	”	&rdquo;
?	&bdquo;	?	&dagger;	?	&Dagger;	‰	&permil;	?	&lsaquo;
?	&rsaquo;	?/STRONG>	&euro;