转载 https://www.cnblogs.com/Eeyhan/p/10416005.html
from django.db import models
# 使用这个可以提前声明表名,在使用外键约束时可以不用考虑表前后顺序
__all__ = ['Book', 'Publisher', 'Author']
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='图书名称')
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = models.IntegerField(choices=CHOICES, verbose_name='图书类别')
pub_time = models.DateField(verbose_name='出版时间')
publisher = models.ForeignKey(to='Publisher', on_delete=None)
author = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Meta:
# 自定义数据库表名
verbose_name_plural = 'book'
db_table = verbose_name_plural
class Publisher(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='出版社名称')
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'publish'
db_table = verbose_name_plural
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='作者名称')
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'author'
db_table = verbose_name_plural
class BookView(View):
def get(self, request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.values('id', 'title','pub_time')
book_list = list(book_list)
ret = json.dumps(book_list, ensure_ascii=False)
return HttpResponse(ret)
# coding:utf-8
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
import json
# Create your views here.
from demo1 import models
class BookView(View):
def get(self, request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.values("id", "title", 'pub_time')
book_list = list(book_list)
# ret = json.dumps(book_list, ensure_ascii=False)
# print(book_list)
return JsonResponse(book_list, safe=False, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})
class BookView(View):
def get(self, request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.values("id", "title", 'pub_time','publisher')
book_list = list(book_list)
ret = []
for field in book_list:
pub_id = field['publisher']
publish_obj = models.Publisher.objects.filter(id=pub_id).first()
field['publisher'] = {
'id':pub_id,
'title':publish_obj.title
}
ret.append(field)
return JsonResponse(ret, safe=False, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})
# coding:utf-8
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
import json
# Create your views here.
from demo1 import models
from django.core import serializers
class BookView(View):
def get(self,request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.all()
ret = serializers.serialize('json',book_list,ensure_ascii=False)
return HttpResponse(ret)
from rest_framework import serializers
class PublishSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class AuthorSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES,source='get_category_display')
pub_time = serializers.DateField()
publisher = PublishSerializer()
author = AuthorSerializer(many=True)
# coding:utf-8
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
import json
# Create your views here.
from demo1 import models
from django.core import serializers
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from demo1.serializers import BookSerializer
class BookView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.all()
ret = BookSerializer(book_list, many=True)
return Response(ret.data)
from rest_framework import serializers
from demo1 import models
class PublishSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class AuthorSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField(required=False)
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, source='get_category_display', read_only=True)
w_category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, write_only=True)
pub_time = serializers.DateField()
publisher = PublishSerializer(read_only=True)
w_publish = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True)
author = AuthorSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
# 作者字段只需要传入一个列表对象
w_author = serializers.ListField(write_only=True)
def create(self, validated_data):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(title=validated_data['title'],
category=validated_data['w_category'],
pub_time=validated_data['pub_time'],
publisher_id=validated_data['w_publish'])
book_obj.author.add(*validated_data['w_author'])
return book_obj
# coding:utf-8
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
import json
# Create your views here.
from demo1 import models
from django.core import serializers
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from demo1.serializers import BookSerializer
class BookView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.all()
ret = BookSerializer(book_list, many=True)
return Response(ret.data)
def post(self, request):
# post的数据不再是在request.POST里
# 而在request.data
print(request.data)
serialize = BookSerializer(data=request.data)
if serialize.is_valid():
# save是存储
serialize.save()
return Response(serialize.validated_data)
else:
return Response(serialize.errors)
class BookEditView(APIView):
def get(self, request, id):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
ret = BookSerializer(book_obj)
return Response(ret.data)
def put(self, request, id):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
# partial参数表示只对部分数据验证
serialize = BookSerializer(book_obj, data=request.data, partial=True)
print(book_obj)
if serialize.is_valid():
# save是存储
serialize.save()
return Response(serialize.validated_data)
else:
return Response(serialize.errors)
from rest_framework import serializers
from demo1 import models
class PublishSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class AuthorSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField()
name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
bookdata = {
"title": "kali linux 入门到入狱",
"w_category": 3,
"pub_time": "2019-02-08",
"w_publish": 2,
"w_author": [1, 2, 4]
}
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField(required=False)
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, source='get_category_display', read_only=True)
w_category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, write_only=True)
pub_time = serializers.DateField()
publisher = PublishSerializer(read_only=True)
w_publish = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True)
author = AuthorSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
# 作者字段只需要传入一个列表对象
w_author = serializers.ListField(write_only=True)
def create(self, validated_data):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(title=validated_data['title'],
category=validated_data['w_category'],
pub_time=validated_data['pub_time'],
publisher_id=validated_data['w_publish'])
book_obj.author.add(*validated_data['w_author'])
return book_obj
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
# 次数的instance就是图书表数据库对象
# 以下字段的key值也同样必须使用上面的只写的属性key
instance.title = validated_data.get('title',instance.title)
instance.category = validated_data.get('w_category',instance.category)
instance.pub_time = validated_data.get('pub_time',instance.pub_time)
instance.publisher_id = validated_data.get('w_publish',instance.publisher_id)
if validated_data.get('w_author'):
instance.author.set(validated_data['w_author'])
instance.save()
return instance
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField(required=False)
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, source='get_category_display', read_only=True)
w_category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, write_only=True)
pub_time = serializers.DateField()
publisher = PublishSerializer(read_only=True)
w_publish = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True)
author = AuthorSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
# 作者字段只需要传入一个列表对象
w_author = serializers.ListField(write_only=True)
def create(self, validated_data):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(title=validated_data['title'],
category=validated_data['w_category'],
pub_time=validated_data['pub_time'],
publisher_id=validated_data['w_publish'])
book_obj.author.add(*validated_data['w_author'])
return book_obj
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
# 次数的instance就是图书表数据库对象
# 以下字段的key值也同样必须使用上面的只写的属性key
instance.title = validated_data.get('title', instance.title)
instance.category = validated_data.get('w_category', instance.category)
instance.pub_time = validated_data.get('pub_time', instance.pub_time)
instance.publisher_id = validated_data.get('w_publish', instance.publisher_id)
if validated_data.get('w_author'):
instance.author.set(validated_data['w_author'])
instance.save()
return instance
def validate_title(self, value):
if 'python' not in value.lower():
raise serializers.ValidationError('修改失败,内容必须包含python')
return value
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField(required=False)
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, source='get_category_display', read_only=True)
w_category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, write_only=True)
pub_time = serializers.DateField()
publisher = PublishSerializer(read_only=True)
w_publish = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True)
author = AuthorSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
# 作者字段只需要传入一个列表对象
w_author = serializers.ListField(write_only=True)
def create(self, validated_data):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(title=validated_data['title'],
category=validated_data['w_category'],
pub_time=validated_data['pub_time'],
publisher_id=validated_data['w_publish'])
book_obj.author.add(*validated_data['w_author'])
return book_obj
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
# 次数的instance就是图书表数据库对象
# 以下字段的key值也同样必须使用上面的只写的属性key
instance.title = validated_data.get('title', instance.title)
instance.category = validated_data.get('w_category', instance.category)
instance.pub_time = validated_data.get('pub_time', instance.pub_time)
instance.publisher_id = validated_data.get('w_publish', instance.publisher_id)
if validated_data.get('w_author'):
instance.author.set(validated_data['w_author'])
instance.save()
return instance
def validate_title(self, value):
if 'python' not in value.lower():
raise serializers.ValidationError('修改失败,内容必须包含python')
return value
def validate(self, attrs):
if attrs['w_publish'] == 1 and attrs['w_category'] == 1:
return attrs
else:
raise serializers.ValidationError('分类和作者id必须一样')
def my_validate(value):
if '敏感信息' in value.lower():
raise serializers.ValidationError('不能含有敏感信息')
else:
return value
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField(required=False)
title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, validators=[my_validate])
CHOICES = ((1, 'python'), (2, 'GO'), (3, 'linux'))
category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, source='get_category_display', read_only=True)
w_category = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=CHOICES, write_only=True)
pub_time = serializers.DateField()
publisher = PublishSerializer(read_only=True)
w_publish = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True)
author = AuthorSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
# 作者字段只需要传入一个列表对象
w_author = serializers.ListField(write_only=True)
def create(self, validated_data):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(title=validated_data['title'],
category=validated_data['w_category'],
pub_time=validated_data['pub_time'],
publisher_id=validated_data['w_publish'])
book_obj.author.add(*validated_data['w_author'])
return book_obj
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
# 次数的instance就是图书表数据库对象
# 以下字段的key值也同样必须使用上面的只写的属性key
instance.title = validated_data.get('title', instance.title)
instance.category = validated_data.get('w_category', instance.category)
instance.pub_time = validated_data.get('pub_time', instance.pub_time)
instance.publisher_id = validated_data.get('w_publish', instance.publisher_id)
if validated_data.get('w_author'):
instance.author.set(validated_data['w_author'])
instance.save()
return instance
def validate_title(self, value):
if 'python' not in value.lower():
raise serializers.ValidationError('修改失败,内容必须包含python')
return value
def validate(self, attrs):
if attrs['w_publish'] == 1 and attrs['w_category'] == 1:
return attrs
else:
raise serializers.ValidationError('出版社和作者id必须一样')
from rest_framework import serializers
from demo1 import models
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Book
fields = '__all__'
depth = 1 # 表示外键查找层级
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
category = serializers.CharField(source="get_category_display") # 注意这里是CharField不是ChoicesField
class Meta:
model = models.Book
fields = '__all__'
depth = 1 # 表示外键查找层级
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
category_display = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
publish_info = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
def get_category_display(self, obj):
return obj.get_category_display()
def get_publish_info(self, obj):
publish_obj = obj.publisher
return {"id": publish_obj.id, 'title': publish_obj.title}
def get_authors(self, obj):
# obj是Book对象
author_list = obj.author.all()
return [{"id": author_obj.id, "name": author_obj.name} for author_obj in author_list]
class Meta:
model = models.Book
fields = '__all__'
# depth = 1 # 表示外键查找层级
extra_kwargs = {
"category": {"write_only": True},
"publisher": {"write_only": True},
"author": {"write_only": True},
}
# coding:utf-8
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
import json
# Create your views here.
from demo1 import models
from django.core import serializers
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from demo1.serializers import BookSerializer
class BookView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
book_list = models.Book.objects.all()
ret = BookSerializer(book_list, many=True)
return Response(ret.data)
def post(self, request):
# post的数据不再是在request.POST里
# 而在request.data
print(request.data)
serialize = BookSerializer(data=request.data)
if serialize.is_valid():
# save是存储
serialize.save()
return Response(serialize.data)
else:
return Response(serialize.errors)
class BookEditView(APIView):
def get(self, request, id):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
ret = BookSerializer(book_obj)
return Response(ret.data)
def put(self, request, id):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
# partial参数表示只对部分数据验证
serialize = BookSerializer(book_obj, data=request.data, partial=True)
if serialize.is_valid():
# print(serialize.validated_data)
# save是存储
serialize.save()
return Response(serialize.data)
else:
return Response(serialize.errors)
def delete(self, request, id):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).exists()
if not book_obj:
return Response('不存在id为%s的数据,请重试' % id)
else:
models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
return Response("删除成功")
视图CBV
补充
转载:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42820697/article/details/84066497
serializers.Serializer 序列化
①在对序列化器进行save()保存时,可以额外传递数据,这些数据可以在create()和update()中的validated_data参数获取到
serializer.save(owner=request.user)
②默认序列化器必须传递所有required的字段,否则会抛出验证异常。但是我们可以使用partial参数来允许部分字段更新
serializer = CommentSerializer(comment, data={‘content’: u’foo bar’},
partial=True)
模型类序列化器
class HeroInfoSerializer(serializers.Modelserializers)
class Meta:
1–model = 模型 # 指定序列化的数据从哪来
2–fields = [‘字段1’, ‘字段2’] # 指定序列化模型中的具体字段
3–fields = ‘all’ # 序列化所有字段
4–read_only_fields = (‘字段1’, ‘字段2’) # 仅用于序列化输入字段
5–exclude = (‘字段’) # 除了该字段其余的都序列化
6–extra_kwargs = { # 添加或修改原有的选项参数
‘bread’: {‘min_value’: 0, ‘required’: True}},
‘bcomment’: {‘max_value’: 0, ‘required’: True}},
}
7–depth = 1 # 生成层级嵌套,自动序列化它的上一级(BookInfo) 1:表示嵌套的层度 如果图书的属于某个作者,获取该英雄的书籍的作者信息,depth则为2