导入坐标
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</project.hibernate.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate对jpa的支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${project.hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${project.hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mysql and MariaDB -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
实体类的创建及其数据库表映射关系的配置
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "cust_id")
private Long custId; //客户的主键
@Column(name = "cust_name")
private String custName; //客户名称
@Column(name = "cust_source")
private String custSource; //客户来源
@Column(name = "cust_level")
private String custLevel; //客户级别
@Column(name = "cust_industry")
private String custIndustry; //客户所属行业
@Column(name = "cust_phone")
private String custPhone; //客户的联系方式
@Column(name = "cust_address")
private String custAddress; //客户地址
}
配置 JPA 的核心配置文件
在java
工程的src
路径下创建一个名为META-INF
的文件夹,在此文件夹下创建一个名为persistence.xml
的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.0">
<persistence-unit name="myJpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<!--jpa的实现方式-->
<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
<!--可选配置:配置jpa实现方式的配置信息-->
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="123"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa"/>
<!--jpa实现方(hibernate的配置信息)-->
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
测试类(测试保存方法)
@Test
public void testSave(){
//1.加载配置文件创建工厂(实体管理类工厂)对象
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
//2.通过实体管理类工厂获取实体管理器
EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager();
/*使用工具类获取EntityManager对象(实体管理器)
EntityManager entityManager = JpaUtils.getEntityManager();*/
//3.获取事务对象,开启事务
EntityTransaction tx = entityManager.getTransaction();//获取事务对象
tx.begin();//开启事务
//4.完成增删改查操作
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setCustName("LEEWLE");
customer.setCustIndustry("体育");
entityManager.persist(customer);//保存操作
//5.提交事务(回滚事务)
tx.commit();
//6.释放资源
entityManager.close();
}
JPA工具栏抽取
//解决实体管理器工厂的浪费资源和耗时问题:通过静态代码块的形式,
//当程序第一次访问此工具类时,创建一个公共的实体管理器工厂对象
public class JpaUtils {
private static EntityManagerFactory factory;
static{
//加载配置文件创建工厂(实体管理类工厂)对象
factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");
}
//通过实体管理类工厂获取实体管理器
public static EntityManager getEntityManager(){
return factory.createEntityManager();
}
}