ASP.NET三层架构

一、数据库

二、项目文件架构

实现步骤为：4-3-6-5-2-1

实现步骤过程

1、创建Model，实现业务实体。

2、创建IDAL，实现接口。

3、创建SQLServerDAL，实现接口里的方法。

4、增加web.config里的配置信息，为SQLServerDAL的程序集。

5、创建DALFactory，返回程序集的指定类的实例。

6、创建BLL，调用DALFactory，得到程序集指定类的实例，完成数据操作方法。

7、创建WEB，调用BLL里的数据操作方法。

注意：

1、web.config里的程序集名称必须与SQLServerDAL里的输出程序集名称一致。

2、DALFactory里只需要一个DataAccess类，可以完成创建所有的程序集实例。

3、项目创建后，注意修改各项目的默认命名空间和程序集名称。

4、注意修改解决方案里的项目依赖。

5、注意在解决方案里增加各项目引用。

 

三、各层间的访问过程

1、传入值，将值进行类型转换(为整型)。

2、创建BLL层的content.cs对象c，通过对象c访问BLL层的方法GetContentInfo(ID)调用BLL层。

3、BLL层方法GetContentInfo(ID)中取得数据访问层SQLServerDAL的实例,实例化IDAL层的接口对象dal，这个对象是由工厂层DALFactory创建的，然后返回IDAL层传入值所查找的内容的方法dal.GetContentInfo(id)。

4、数据工厂通过web.config配置文件中给定的webdal字串访问SQLServerDAL层，返回一个完整的调用SQLServerDAL层的路径给 BLL层。

5、到此要调用SQLServerDAL层，SQLServerDAL层完成赋值Model层的对象值为空，给定一个参数，调用SQLServerDAL层的SqlHelper的ExecuteReader方法,读出每个字段的数据赋值给以定义为空的Model层的对象。

6、SqlHelper执行sql命令，返回一个指定连接的数据库记录集，在这里需要引用参数类型，提供为打开连接命令执行做好准备PrepareCommand。

7、返回Model层把查询得到的一行记录值赋值给SQLServerDAL层的引入的Model层的对象ci，然后把这个对象返回给BLL。

8、回到Web层的BLL层的方法调用,把得到的对象值赋值给Lable标签，在前台显示给界面

 

四、项目中的文件清单

 

1、DBUtility项目

(1)connectionInfo.cs

2、SQLServerDAL项目

（1）SqlHelper.cs抽象类

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using Model;
using IDAL;
 
namespace SQLServerDAL
{
       /// <summary>
       /// Content 的摘要说明。
       /// </summary>
       public class Content:IContent 
       {
 
              private const string PARM_ID = "@ID";
              private const string SQL_SELECT_CONTENT = "Select ID, Title, Content, AddDate, CategoryID From newsContent Where ID = @ID";
 
 
              public ContentInfo GetContentInfo(int id)
              {
                     //创意文章内容类
                     ContentInfo ci = null;
 
                     //创建一个参数
                     SqlParameter parm = new SqlParameter(PARM_ID, SqlDbType.BigInt, 8);
                     //赋上ID值
                     parm.Value = id;
 
                     using(SqlDataReader sdr = SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(SqlHelper.CONN_STR, CommandType.Text, SQL_SELECT_CONTENT, parm))
                     {
                            if(sdr.Read())
                            { 
                                   ci = new ContentInfo(sdr.GetInt32(0),sdr.GetString(1), sdr.GetString(2),
                                          sdr.GetDateTime(3), sdr.GetInt32(4), sdr.GetInt32(5), sdr.GetString(6));
                            }
                     }
                     return ci;
              }
       }
}

3、Model项目

（1）contentInfo.cs

using  System;
 
namespace  Model
{
        ///   <summary>
        ///  Class1 的摘要说明。
        ///   </summary>
        public   class  ContentInfo
       {
               private   int  _ID;
               private   string  _Content;
               private   string  _Title;
               private   string  _From;
               private  DateTime _AddDate;
               private   int  _clsID;
               private   int  _tmpID;
 
               ///   <summary>
               ///  文章内容构造函数
               ///   </summary>
               ///   <param name="id"> 文章流水号ID </param>
               ///   <param name="content"> 文章内容 </param>
               ///   <param name="title"> 文章标题 </param>
               ///   <param name="from"> 文章来源 </param>
               ///   <param name="clsid"> 文章的分类属性ID </param>
               ///   <param name="tmpid"> 文章的模板属性ID </param>
               public  ContentInfo( int  id, string  title, string  content, string   from ,DateTime addDate, int  clsid, int  tmpid )
              {
                      this ._ID = id;
                      this ._Content = content;
                      this ._Title = title;
                      this ._From =  from ;
                      this ._AddDate = addDate;
                      this ._clsID = clsid;
                      this ._tmpID = tmpid;
              }
 
 
               // 属性
               public   int  ID
              {
                      get    {  return  _ID; }
              }
               public   string  Content
              {
                      get    {  return  _Content; }
              }
               public   string  Title
              {
                      get    {  return  _Title; }
              }
               public   string  From
              {
                      get    {  return  _From; }
              }
               public  DateTime AddDate
              {
                      get    {  return  _AddDate; }
              }
               public   int  ClsID
              {
                      get    {  return  _clsID; }
              }
               public   int  TmpID
              {
                      get    {  return  _tmpID; }
              }
 
 
 
       }
}

4、IDAL项目

（1）Icontent.cs

using  System;
using  Model;
 
namespace  IDAL
{
        ///   <summary>
        ///  文章内容操作接口
        ///   </summary>
        public   interface  IContent
       {
               ///   <summary>
               ///  取得文章的内容。
               ///   </summary>
               ///   <param name="id"> 文章的ID </param>
               ///   <returns></returns>
              ContentInfo GetContentInfo( int  id);
       }
}

5、DALFactory项目

（1）Content.cs

using  System;
using  System.Reflection;
using  System.Configuration;
using  IDAL;
 
namespace  DALFactory
{
        ///   <summary>
        ///  工产模式实现文章接口。
        ///   </summary>
        public   class  Content
       {
               public   static  IDAL.IContent Create()
              {
                      //  这里可以查看 DAL 接口类。
                      string  path = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings[ " WebDAL " ].ToString();
                      string  className = path+ " .Content " ;
                    
                      //  用配置文件指定的类组合
                      return  (IDAL.IContent)Assembly.Load(path).CreateInstance(className);
              }
       }
}

6、BLL项目

（1）Content.cs

using  System;
 
using  Model;
using  IDAL;
 
namespace  BLL
{
        ///   <summary>
        ///  Content 的摘要说明。
        ///   </summary>
        public   class  Content
       {
 
               public  ContentInfo GetContentInfo( int  id)
              {
 
                      //  取得从数据访问层取得一个文章内容实例
                     IContent dal = DALFactory.Content.Create();
 
                      //  用DAL查找文章内容
                      return  dal.GetContentInfo(id);
              }
       }
}

7、Web项目

1、Web.config：

<appSettings>  

<add key="SQLConnString" value="Data Source=localhost;Persist Security info=True;Initial Catalog=newsDB;User ID=sa;Password= " />
    <add key="WebDAL" value="SQLServerDAL" />   
 </appSettings>

2、WebUI.aspx

<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="WebUI.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="Web.WebUI" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >
<HTML>
       <HEAD>
              <title>WebUI</title>
              <meta name="GENERATOR" Content="Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1">
              <meta name="CODE_LANGUAGE" Content="C#">
              <meta name="vs_defaultClientScript" content="JavaScript">
              <meta name="vs_targetSchema" content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5">
       </HEAD>
       <body MS_POSITIONING="GridLayout">
              <form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
                     <FONT">宋体"></FONT>
                     <table width="600" border="1">
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;
                                          <asp:Label id="lblTitle" runat="server"></asp:Label></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 22px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td style="HEIGHT: 22px">&nbsp;
                                          <asp:Label id="lblDataTime" runat="server"></asp:Label></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;
                                          <asp:Label id="lblContent" runat="server"></asp:Label></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 23px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td style="HEIGHT: 23px">&nbsp;</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                   <td style="WIDTH: 173px">&nbsp;</td>
                                   <td>&nbsp;
                                          <asp:Label id="lblMsg" runat="server">Label</asp:Label></td>
                            </tr>
                     </table>
              </form>
       </body>
</HTML>

3、WebUI.aspx.cs后台调用显示：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
 
using BLL;
using Model;
 
namespace myWeb
{
       /// <summary>
       /// WebForm1 的摘要说明。
       /// </summary>
       public class WebUI : System.Web.UI.Page
       {
              protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblTitle;
              protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblDataTime;
              protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblContent;
              protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblMsg;
 
              private ContentInfo ci ;
 
 
              private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
              {
                     if(!Page.IsPostBack)
                     {
                            GetContent("1");
                     }
              }
 
              private void GetContent(string id)
              {
                     int ID = WebComponents.CleanString.GetInt(id);
             
                     Content c = new Content();
                     ci = c.GetContentInfo(ID);
                     if(ci!=null)
                     {
                            this.lblTitle.Text = ci.Title;
                            this.lblDataTime.Text = ci.AddDate.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
                            this.lblContent.Text = ci.Content;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                            this.lblMsg.Text = "没有找到这篇文章";
                     }
              }
 
              #region Web 窗体设计器生成的代码
              override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e)
              {
                     //
                     // CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
                     //
                     InitializeComponent();
                     base.OnInit(e);
              }
             
              /// <summary>
              /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
              /// 此方法的内容。
              /// </summary>
              private void InitializeComponent()
              {   
                     this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
 
              }
              #endregion
       }
}

4、WebComponents项目

（1）CleanString.cs

using System;

using  System.Text;
 
namespace  myWeb.WebComponents
{
        ///   <summary>
        ///  CleanString 的摘要说明。
        ///   </summary>
        public   class  CleanString
       {
 
               public   static   int  GetInt( string  inputString)
              {
                      try
                     {
                             return  Convert.ToInt32(inputString);
                     }
                      catch
                     {
                             return   0 ;
                     }
 
              }
 
 
               public   static   string  InputText( string  inputString,  int  maxLength)
              {
                     StringBuilder retVal =  new  StringBuilder();
 
                      //  check incoming parameters for null or blank string
                      if  ((inputString !=  null ) && (inputString != String.Empty))
                     {
                            inputString = inputString.Trim();
 
                             // chop the string incase the client-side max length
                             // fields are bypassed to prevent buffer over-runs
                             if  (inputString.Length > maxLength)
                                   inputString = inputString.Substring( 0 , maxLength);
 
                             // convert some harmful symbols incase the regular
                             // expression validators are changed
                             for  ( int  i =  0 ; i < inputString.Length; i++)
                            {
                                    switch  (inputString[i])
                                   {
                                           case   ' " ' :
                                                 retVal.Append( " &quot; " );
                                                  break ;
                                           case   ' < ' :
                                                 retVal.Append( " &lt; " );
                                                  break ;
                                           case   ' > ' :
                                                 retVal.Append( " &gt; " );
                                                  break ;
                                           default :
                                                 retVal.Append(inputString[i]);
                                                  break ;
                                   }
                            }
 
                             //  Replace single quotes with white space
                            retVal.Replace( " ' " ,  "   " );
                     }
 
                      return  retVal.ToString();
                    
              }
               
       }
}