基于Spring MVC做单元测试 —— 使用JMockit

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-20 22:08:31 发布

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转载地址：http://www.techv5.com/topic/696/

下面再介绍一下通过JMockit这个Java Mock工具来进行spring的单元测试，其特点是不需指定spring的配置文件，任何对象都可以mock出来并进行关联。

Controller

import com.odde.mail.model.Result;
import com.odde.mail.service.MailService;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import static java.lang.String.format;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/mail")
public class MailController {
    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(MailController.class);
    private final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

    @Autowired
    private MailService mailService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/send", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
    public
    @ResponseBody
    String send(@RequestParam("recipients") String recipients,
                @RequestParam("subject") String subject,
                @RequestParam("content") String content) throws Exception {
        log.debug("mail controller send start");
        log.debug(format("recipients:%s", recipients));
        log.debug(format("subject:%s", subject));
        log.debug(format("content:%s", content));
        Result mailResult = mailService.send(recipients, subject, content);
        String result = mapper.writeValueAsString(mailResult);
        log.debug(format("result:%s", result));
        log.debug("mail controller send finish");
        return result;
    }
}

首先我们还是来看一下使用了JMockit的Controller单元测试是怎么写的，Controller的功能代码可见上面。

import com.odde.mail.model.Result;
import com.odde.mail.service.MailService;
import mockit.Expectations;
import mockit.Injectable;
import mockit.Tested;
import mockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

@RunWith(JMockit.class)
public class MailControllerTest {
    @Tested
    MailController mailController;

    @Injectable
    private MailService mailService;

    @Test
    public void should_return_status_success_when_send_mail_success() throws Exception {
        new Expectations() { {
            mailService.send("test@test.com", "test", "test");
            result = new Result("成功");
        } };

        String result = mailController.send("test@test.com", "test", "test");

        assertThat(result, is("{\"status\":\"成功\"}"));
    }
}

@RunWith(JMockit.class): 指定单元测试的执行类为JMockit.class;
@Tested: 这个Annotate是指被测试类，在这个测试案例中我们要测试的是MailController，所以我们给其打上这个标签;
@Injectable: 这个Annotate可以将对象进行mock并自动关联到被测试类，而不需要通过其他文件类似spring的配置文件等来进行关联;
@Expectations: mock对象mailService的send方法，让其返回一个Result对象;

Service

再来看一下Service的单元测试要怎么改写，同样Service的功能代码可以看上一篇Post。

import com.odde.mail.model.Recipient;
import com.odde.mail.model.Result;
import com.odde.mail.repo.RecipientRepository;
import mockit.Injectable;
import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
import mockit.Tested;
import mockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import java.util.List;

import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

@RunWith(JMockit.class)
public class RecipientServiceTest {

    @Tested
    private RecipientService recipientService;

    @Injectable
    private RecipientRepository recipientRepository;

    @Test
    public void should_return_success_when_add_recipient_not_exist() throws Exception {
        Result result = recipientService.add("Tom", "test@test.com");
        assertThat(result.getStatus(), is("成功"));
    }
}

相对Controller Test这里少了一步对recipientRepository对象findByEmail方法的mock，因为如果不通过Expectations进行方法mock的话，方法会默认返回null，而我们要测试的场景正是需要findByEmail方法返回null，所以mock方法这一步我们也省了。改写后的整体代码也比原来的少了很多，而且速度更快。