C++中的pair

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

void test1() {
   std::pair<int,char> foo (10,'a');
   std::pair<int,char> bar (90,'z');
   swap (foo,bar);
   std::cout << "foo contains: " << foo.first;
   std::cout << " and " << foo.second << '\n';
}

void test2() {
   cout <<"**********************************" << endl;
   vector< pair<int, string> > v(10);
    v[1].first = 10;
    v[1].second = "hao";
    cout << v[1].first << ' ' << v[1].second << endl;
}

void test3() {
  cout <<"**********************************" << endl;
    // pair::operator= example
  std::pair <std::string,int> planet, homeplanet;

  planet = std::make_pair("Earth",6371);
  homeplanet = planet;
  std::cout << "Home planet: " << homeplanet.first << '\n';
  std::cout << "Planet size: " << homeplanet.second << '\n';
}
void test4() {
  cout <<"**********************************" << endl;
  std::pair <int,int> foo; // make_pair example
  std::pair <int,int> bar;

  foo = std::make_pair (10,20);
  bar = std::make_pair (10.5,'A'); // ok: implicit conversion from pair<double,char>

  std::cout << "foo: " << foo.first << ", " << foo.second << '\n';
  std::cout << "bar: " << bar.first << ", " << bar.second << '\n';
}

void test5() {
  cout <<"*************************************" << endl;
    // pair::pair example
  std::pair <std::string,double> product1;                     // default constructor
  std::pair <std::string,double> product2 ("tomatoes",2.30);   // value init
  std::pair <std::string,double> product3 (product2);          // copy constructor

  product1 = std::make_pair(std::string("lightbulbs"),0.99);   // using make_pair (move)

  product2.first = "shoes";                  // the type of first is string
  product2.second = 39.90;                   // the type of second is double

  std::cout << "The price of " << product1.first << " is $" << product1.second << '\n';
  std::cout << "The price of " << product2.first << " is $" << product2.second << '\n';
  std::cout << "The price of " << product3.first << " is $" << product3.second << '\n';
}

int main()
{
    test1();
    test2();
    test3();
    test4();
    test5();
    return 0;
}