Android Stogage

Your data storage options are the following:

Shared Preferences

Store private primitive data in key-value pairs.

Internal Storage

Store private data on the device memory.

External Storage

Store public data on the shared external storage.

SQLite Databases

Store structured data in a private database.

Network Connection

Store data on the web with your own network server.

Using the Internal Storage

openFileOutput()
FileOutputStream fos = openFileOutput(FILENAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
fos.write(string.getBytes());
fos.close();

getCacheDir() 
缓存目录，系统内部存储比较少的时候会删除一些文件，需要保证缓存占用空间在一个合适的大小，删除APP时缓存目录会随着删除。


getFilesDir()
Gets the absolute path to the filesystem directory where your internal files are saved.
getDir()
Creates (or opens an existing) directory within your internal storage space.
deleteFile()
Deletes a file saved on the internal storage.
fileList()
Returns an array of files currently saved by your application.



Using the External Storage

/* 检测外部存储是否可以读写 */
public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() {
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

/* 检测外部存储是否可读 */
public boolean isExternalStorageReadable() {
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state) ||
        Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY.equals(state)) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

getExternalStoragePublicDirectory()

public File getAlbumStorageDir(String albumName) {
    // Get the directory for the user's public pictures directory.
    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(
            Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), albumName);
    if (!file.mkdirs()) {
        Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Directory not created");
    }
    return file;
}

    Hiding your files from the Media Scanner
    如果想要对系统Media扫描隐藏某个目录，在目录下面创建空文件，并命名为".nomedia"即可


getExternalFilesDir()
如果想处理一些不被其他APP访问的文件，可以使用getExternalFilesDir(),系统Media不会扫描这个目录，因此不要存放一些希望被扫描到的文件。随着APP的删除而删除。


getExternalCacheDir()
外部存储上的缓存目录，随着APP的删除而删除。
ContextCompat.getExternalFilesDirs()
ContextCompat.getExternalCacheDirs()
如果有额外的存储可以使用该方法。