activeMQ

原文出处：http://blog.chenlb.com/2010/01/activemq-hello.html

<!-- google_ad_section_start -->

企业中各项目中相互协作的时候可能用得到消息通知机制。比如有东西更新了，可以通知做索引。

在 Java 里有 JMS 的多个实现。其中 apache 下的 ActiveMQ 就是不错的选择。还有一个比较热的是 RabbitMQ （是 erlang 语言实现的）。这里示例下使用 ActiveMQ

用 ActiveMQ 最好还是了解下 JMS

JMS 公共	点对点域	发布/订阅域
ConnectionFactory	QueueConnectionFactory	TopicConnectionFactory
Connection	QueueConnection	TopicConnection
Destination	Queue	Topic
Session	QueueSession	TopicSession
MessageProducer	QueueSender	TopicPublisher
MessageConsumer	QueueReceiver	TopicSubscriber

JMS 定义了两种方式：Quere（点对点）；Topic（发布/订阅）。

ConnectionFactory 是连接工厂，负责创建Connection。

Connection 负责创建 Session。

Session 创建 MessageProducer（用来发消息） 和 MessageConsumer（用来接收消息）。

Destination 是消息的目的地。

详细的可以网上找些 JMS 规范（有中文版）。

下载 apache-activemq-5.3.0。http://activemq.apache.org/download.html，解压，然后双击 bin/activemq.bat。运行后，可以在 http://localhost:8161/admin 观察。也有 demo， http://localhost:8161/demo。把 activemq-all-5.3.0.jar 加入 classpath。

Jms 发送 代码：

1. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{
2. ConnectionFactoryconnectionFactory=newActiveMQConnectionFactory();
4. Connectionconnection=connectionFactory.createConnection();
5. connection.start();
7. Sessionsession=connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
8. Destinationdestination=session.createQueue("my-queue");
10. MessageProducerproducer=session.createProducer(destination);
11. for(inti=0;i<3;i++){
12. MapMessagemessage=session.createMapMessage();
13. message.setLong("count",newDate().getTime());
14. Thread.sleep(1000);
15. //通过消息生产者发出消息
16. producer.send(message);
17. }
18. session.commit();
19. session.close();
20. connection.close();
21. }

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();

	Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
	connection.start();

	Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
	Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");

	MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
	for(int i=0; i<3; i++) {
		MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage();
		message.setLong("count", new Date().getTime());
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		//通过消息生产者发出消息
		producer.send(message);
	}
	session.commit();
	session.close();
	connection.close();
}

Jms 接收代码：

1. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{
2. ConnectionFactoryconnectionFactory=newActiveMQConnectionFactory();
4. Connectionconnection=connectionFactory.createConnection();
5. connection.start();
7. finalSessionsession=connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
8. Destinationdestination=session.createQueue("my-queue");
10. MessageConsumerconsumer=session.createConsumer(destination);
11. /*//listener方式
12. consumer.setMessageListener(newMessageListener(){
14. publicvoidonMessage(Messagemsg){
15. MapMessagemessage=(MapMessage)msg;
16. //TODOsomething....
17. System.out.println("收到消息："+newDate(message.getLong("count")));
18. session.commit();
19. }
21. });
22. Thread.sleep(30000);
23. */
24. inti=0;
25. while(i<3){
26. i++;
27. MapMessagemessage=(MapMessage)consumer.receive();
28. session.commit();
30. //TODOsomething....
31. System.out.println("收到消息："+newDate(message.getLong("count")));
32. }
34. session.close();
35. connection.close();
36. }

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();

	Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
	connection.start();

	final Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
	Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");

	MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
	/*//listener 方式
	consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {

		public void onMessage(Message msg) {
			MapMessage message = (MapMessage) msg;
			//TODO something....
			System.out.println("收到消息：" + new Date(message.getLong("count")));
			session.commit();
		}

	});
	Thread.sleep(30000);
	*/
	int i=0;
	while(i<3) {
		i++;
		MapMessage message = (MapMessage) consumer.receive();
		session.commit();

		//TODO something....
		System.out.println("收到消息：" + new Date(message.getLong("count")));
	}

	session.close();
	connection.close();
}

启动 JmsReceiver 和 JmsSender 可以在看输出三条时间信息。当然 Jms 还指定有其它格式的数据，如 TextMessage

结合 Spring 的 JmsTemplate 方便用：

xml：

1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
5. <!--在非web/ejb容器中使用pool时，要手动stop，spring不会为你执行destroy-method的方法
6. <beanid="jmsFactory"class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory"destroy-method="stop">
7. <propertyname="connectionFactory">
8. <beanclass="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
9. <propertyname="brokerURL"value="tcp://localhost:61616"/>
10. </bean>
11. </property>
12. </bean>
13. -->
14. <beanid="jmsFactory"class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
15. <propertyname="brokerURL"value="tcp://localhost:61616"/>
16. </bean>
17. <beanid="jmsTemplate"class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
18. <propertyname="connectionFactory"ref="jmsFactory"/>
19. <propertyname="defaultDestination"ref="destination"/>
20. <propertyname="messageConverter">
21. <beanclass="org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter"/>
22. </property>
23. </bean>
25. <beanid="destination"class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
26. <constructor-argindex="0"value="my-queue"/>
27. </bean>
29. </beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<!-- 在非 web / ejb 容器中使用 pool 时，要手动 stop，spring 不会为你执行 destroy-method 的方法
	<bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory" destroy-method="stop">
		<property name="connectionFactory">
			<bean class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
				<property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://localhost:61616" />
			</bean>
		</property>
	</bean>
-->
	<bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
		<property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://localhost:61616" />
	</bean>
	<bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
		<property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsFactory" />
		<property name="defaultDestination" ref="destination" />
		<property name="messageConverter">
			<bean class="org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter" />
		</property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="destination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
		<constructor-arg index="0" value="my-queue" />
	</bean>

</beans>

sender：

1. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
2. ApplicationContextctx=newFileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml");
4. JmsTemplatejmsTemplate=(JmsTemplate)ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");
6. jmsTemplate.send(newMessageCreator(){
8. publicMessagecreateMessage(Sessionsession)throwsJMSException{
9. MapMessagemm=session.createMapMessage();
10. mm.setLong("count",newDate().getTime());
11. returnmm;
12. }
14. });
15. }

public static void main(String[] args) {
	ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml");

	JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");

	jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {

		public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
			MapMessage mm = session.createMapMessage();
			mm.setLong("count", new Date().getTime());
			return mm;
		}

	});
}

receiver：

1. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
2. ApplicationContextctx=newFileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml");
4. JmsTemplatejmsTemplate=(JmsTemplate)ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");
5. while(true){
6. Map<String,Object>mm=(Map<String,Object>)jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert();
7. System.out.println("收到消息："+newDate((Long)mm.get("count")));
8. }
9. }

public static void main(String[] args) {
	ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml");

	JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");
	while(true) {
		Map<String, Object> mm =  (Map<String, Object>) jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert();
		System.out.println("收到消息：" + new Date((Long)mm.get("count")));
	}
}

注意：直接用 Jms 接口时接收了消息后要提交一下，否则下次启动接收者时还可以收到旧数据。有了 JmsTemplate 就不用自己提交 session.commit() 了。如果使用了 PooledConnectionFactory 要把 apache-activemq-5.3.0\lib\optional\activemq-pool-5.3.0.jar 加到 classpath

参考资料：

Hello ActiveMQ

Spring2.5整合ActiveMQ 5.2

spring-support

JMS 相关资料