swift属性观察器_在Swift中什么是财产观察员？

swift属性观察器

In this article, we will learn what are property observers in Swift and how to use them effectively.

在本文中，我们将学习什么是Swift中的属性观察器以及如何有效地使用它们。

We will do so quickly experimenting with them in an Xcode Playground.

我们将很快在Xcode Playground中对它们进行试验。

The source code is available at the bottom of the article.

源代码位于文章底部。

开始吧 (Let’s Start)

We have two types of property observers:

我们有两种类型的属性观察器：

• willSet — called before a new value is stored

  willSet — 在存储新值之前调用

• didSet — called after a new value is stored

  didSet — 在存储新值之后调用

Let’s create a simple message variable:

让我们创建一个简单的message变量：

And assign a new value to it:

并为其分配一个新值：

Now we have the following printed in the console:

现在，我们在控制台中打印了以下内容：

As we can see, the willSet gets executed before the didSet. So at the time willSet is run, we can obtain a new value that is being assigned to the variable. However, the value is not stored yet in the property.

如我们所见， willSet在didSet之前执行。 所以在当时willSet运行时，我们可以获取被分配给新的变量值。 但是，该值尚未存储在属性中。

Once didSet is executed, the new value is stored. This is why we have a newValue parameter in willSet and an oldValue in didSet.

执行didSet ，将存储新值。 这就是为什么我们在willSet有一个newValue参数，在willSet一个oldValue的didSet 。

We can also change the name of the willSet parameter as follows:

我们还可以如下更改willSet参数的名称：

Let’s now consider a practical example.

现在让我们考虑一个实际的例子。

Say we have a simple UIView called CustomView:

假设我们有一个名为CustomView的简单UIView ：

Let’s change the message property as follows:

让我们如下更改message属性：

And assign to it a new value three seconds after the CustomView is initialized:

并在CustomView初始化三秒钟后为其分配一个新值：

Now if we run the Playground, the willSet property observer triggers the UI update in three seconds:

现在，如果我们运行Playground，则willSet属性观察器将在三秒钟内触发UI更新：

资源资源 (Resources)

The source code is available in a Gist.

源代码在Gist中可用。

结语 (Wrapping Up)

Interested in more lesser-known features of Swift? Feel free to check out my other relevant articles:

对Swift鲜为人知的功能感兴趣吗？ 随时查看我的其他相关文章：

• What is the ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral Protocol in Swift?

  Swift中的ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral协议是什么？

• What Is the Value-Binding Pattern in Swift?

  Swift中的值绑定模式是什么？

• What Is the vDSP Framework in Swift?

  Swift中的vDSP框架是什么？

• What is the CustomStringConvertible Protocol in Swift?

  Swift中的CustomStringConvertible协议是什么？

• What Is the Difference Between Class and Static in Swift?

  Swift中的类和静态有什么区别？

Thanks for reading!

谢谢阅读！

翻译自: https://levelup.gitconnected.com/what-are-property-observers-in-swift-4bda0945973

swift属性观察器