unix linux 安装mono,ubuntu13.10编译安装mono环境(一)

准备工作

一个全新安装的ubuntu13.10系统

下载Mono源代码并编译

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ ls

Desktop Downloads Music Public Videos

Documents examples.desktop Pictures Templates

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ mkdir src

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ cd src

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src$ wget http://download.mono-project.com/sources/mono/mono-3.2.8.tar.bz2

--2014-03-27 21:24:30-- http://download.mono-project.com/sources/mono/mono-3.2.8.tar.bz2

Resolving download.mono-project.com (download.mono-project.com)... 54.240.168.102, 54.230.156.158, 54.230.157.116, ...

Connecting to download.mono-project.com (download.mono-project.com)|54.240.168.102|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 77515552 (74M) [application/x-bzip2]

Saving to: ‘mono-3.2.8.tar.bz2'

100%[======================================>] 77,515,552 189K/s in 10m 50s

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src$ ls

mono-3.2.8.tar.bz2

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src$ tar -xjf mono-3.2.8.tar.bz2

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src$ cd mono-3.2.8/

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/mono-3.2.8

checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking target system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c

checking whether build environment is sane... yes

checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p

checking for gawk... no

checking for mawk... mawk

checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes

checking how to create a ustar tar archive... gnutar

checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no

checking whether ln -s works... yes

checking whether make supports nested variables... yes

checking host platform characteristics... ok

checking for gcc... gcc

checking for gcc... (cached) gcc

checking whether the C compiler works... yes

checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out

checking for suffix of executables...

checking whether we are cross compiling... no

checking for suffix of object files... o

checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes

checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes

checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed

checking for style of include used by make... GNU

checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3

checking for g++... no

checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... no

checking whether g++ accepts -g... no

checking dependency style of g++... none

checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3

checking for gawk... (cached) mawk

checking whether gcc and cc understand -c and -o together... yes

configure: error: You need to install g++

因为没有安装g++而无法继续：

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$ sudo apt-get install g++

[sudo] password for nike:

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following extra packages will be installed:

cpp-4.8 g++-4.8 gcc-4.8 gcc-4.8-base libasan0 libatomic1 libgcc-4.8-dev

libgcc1 libgomp1 libitm1 libquadmath0 libstdc++-4.8-dev libstdc++6

Suggested packages:

gcc-4.8-locales g++-multilib g++-4.8-multilib gcc-4.8-doc libstdc++6-4.8-dbg

gcc-4.8-multilib libmudflap0-4.8-dev libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg libitm1-dbg

libatomic1-dbg libasan0-dbg libtsan0-dbg libbacktrace1-dbg libquadmath0-dbg

libmudflap0-dbg libstdc++-4.8-doc

The following NEW packages will be installed:

g++ g++-4.8 libstdc++-4.8-dev

The following packages will be upgraded:

cpp-4.8 gcc-4.8 gcc-4.8-base libasan0 libatomic1 libgcc-4.8-dev libgcc1

libgomp1 libitm1 libquadmath0 libstdc++6

11 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 275 not upgraded.

Need to get 25.9 MB of archives.

After this operation, 28.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]?

==============>省略了很多<==============

重新初始化mono安装配置文件：

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/mono-3.2.8

==============>省略了很多<==============

Engine:

GC: sgen and bundled Boehm GC with typed GC and parallel mark

TLS: __thread

SIGALTSTACK: yes

Engine: Building and using the JIT

oprofile: no

BigArrays: no

DTrace: no

LLVM Back End: no (dynamically loaded: no)

Libraries:

.NET 2.0/3.5: yes

.NET 4.0: yes

.NET 4.5: yes

MonoDroid: no

MonoTouch: no

JNI support: IKVM Native

libgdiplus: assumed to be installed

zlib:

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$

./configure通过。

编译Mono源代码

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$ make

==============>漫长的编译~<==============

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$ sudo make install

==============>省略了很多<==============

安装成功。

设置PATH环境变量

nike@NIKE-PC:~/src/mono-3.2.8$ cd ~

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ vim .bashrc

在该文件末尾追加以下语句：

if [ -d /opt/mono-3.2.8/bin ]; then

export PATH=/opt/mono-3.2.8/bin:$PATH

fi

然后：

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ . .bashrc

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ echo $PATH

/opt/mono-3.2.8/bin:/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

nike@NIKE-PC:~$

验证Mono是否安装正确

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ mono --version

Mono JIT compiler version 3.2.8 (tarball 2014年 03月 27日 星期四 21:55:30 CST)

Copyright (C) 2002-2014 Novell, Inc, Xamarin Inc and Contributors. www.mono-project.com

TLS: __thread

SIGSEGV: altstack

Notifications: epoll

Architecture: x86

Disabled: none

Misc: softdebug

LLVM: supported, not enabled.

GC: sgen

nike@NIKE-PC:~$ dmcs --version

Mono C# compiler version 3.2.8.0

nike@NIKE-PC:~$

安装成功。