微机原理和计算机硬件基础知识,吉林大学工学部计算机硬件基础课程 微机原理与接口技术...

6 /*

6 /

*

*8088/8086

*6.1 I/O

*6.1.1 I/O1TTLMOS23CPU

*45cpu6

*

*6.1.2 I/OCPU

*

*6.2 I/OCPUCPUCPUCPU

*CPUCPU

*

*

*74LS273 D0

D0

D7

D7

~~A0

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

IOW&

&

1

1

1

CP

+ 5V

Q0

Q1

Q6

Q7

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

+ 5V74LS27374LS273

*6.2.2 I/OI/OI/OI/O

*I/OI/OI/O

*I/OI/O I/O

*8088/8086CPUI/OA0~A1564K0000H~FFFFHIORIOWIO/MWRRD816

*

* D0 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 1 1 IOR +5V 10K K

*INOUT

*I/OI/O

*D0

D7

~D0

D7

~Q0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5

Q6

Q7

CP

74LS273

7406

5108

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

+5V10K

K

C

IOW

1

74LS138

1

A0

IOR

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A9

A10

A11A12A13A14A151

&

C

G2AG2BB

A

Y0

Y1

D0DPG1A15A14A13A12 A11A10A9A8 A7A6A5A4 A3A2A1A00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 X X X74LS244

*

*6.3 CPUDMA

*6.3.1

*

*

*6.3.2 I/OCPUCPU

*

N

N

Y

Y

1

1

2

2

3

3

n

n

N

Y

N

N

N

Y

Y

Y

*6.3.3 CPUCPUI/O

*

*CPUProgrammed input and outputPIO

*6.3.4 DMADirect Memory AccessDMAI/OCPUDMADMADMAC8237A-58237-2

*DMACDMACCPUDMADMACPUDMACPU

*DMAC DMADMADRQ DMACPUHOLD CPUDMAHLDA DMAHLDADMADACK DMA DMACPUHOLDCPUHOLDHLDA

*

*6.4 1234

*1.

*74LS24481G2G4AYAYAY

*FFC0HFFC1H:MOV DX, 0FFC0HIN AL, DX

*6-188GOONNEXT

*

*MOV DX, 0FFC1H IN AL, DX TEST AL, 0FFH JZ GOONNEXT: MOV AX, BXADD AX, CXGOON:

*K3K3LabelTEST AL, 4JNZ Label Label:

*6.4.2 74LS27374LS3748DD0D7, Q0Q7MRQ0CPCPD0~D7Q0~Q7

*74LS273 D0

D0

D7

D7

~~A0

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

IOW&

&

1

1

1

CP

+ 5V

Q0

Q1

Q6

Q7

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

+ 5V74LS27374LS273

*LED

*LED

0C0H3FH990H6FH1F9H06HA88H77H2A4H5BHB83H7CH3B0H4FHCC6H39H499H66HDA1H5EH592H6DHE86H79H682H7DHF8EH71H7F8H07HFFH00H880H7FH

*6-274LS2738LEDLED0~F

*

*74LS273FE00H

*DSEGSEGMENTSEG8 DB 3FH,06H,5BH,4FH,66H,6DH,7DH,07H DB 6FH,77H,7CH,39H,5EH,79H,71H,00HDSEGENDS

*CSEGSEGMENTASSUME CS:CSEG ,DS: DSEG START:MOVAX, DSEGMOVDS, AXLEA BX, SEG8;8MOV DX, 0FE00H AA1: MOVSI, 0AA2: MOV AL, BX+SI;OUT DX, AL

*CALL DELAY;INC SICMP SI, 16JZ AA1JMP AA2MOV AH, 4CHINT 21HCSEG ENDSEND START

*DELAY PROC NEAR;PUSH CX MOV CX2FFFHSUBS:LOOPSUBSPOPCXRET DELAYENDP;

*6.5

*CPU

*CPU

*CPU

*6.6

*6.6.1 CPUINTRNMIINTRIFIF=1CPUIF=0CPUNMI

*

.

.

D0~D7

6-17

I0I1I2I3I4I5I6I7

IRQ0IRQ1IRQ2IRQ3IRQ4IRQ5IRQ6IRQ7

74LS244

D0D7

.

1

1

&

A0A1A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A9A10A15

A11A12A13A14

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

INTR

*6.6.2 CPUCPUCPU

*CPU1

*

.

.

D0~D7

6-17

I0I1I2I3I4I5I6I7

IRQ0IRQ1IRQ2IRQ3IRQ4IRQ5IRQ6IRQ7

74LS244

D0D7

.

1

1

&

A0A1A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A9A10A15

A11A12A13A14

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

INTR

* MOV DX, 87FFHIN AL, DX ;RCR AL, 1JC IR0 ;IRQ0IR0RCR AL,1JC IR1 ;IRQ1IR1RCR AL,1JC IR2 ;IRQ2IR2

*

*1. CPUCPUINTAINTA

*INTA

*1INTA

*CPUCPU

*6.6.3 CPUINTA FLAGS IF=0 CS IP IPCS

*6.6.4

*6.6.5 CPUIPCSFLAGSIRET

*6.7 8086/80888086/8088CPU2560~255

*

*1. 2NMICPUINTA/

*INTRCPUIFIF=1CPUINTRIF=0CPUINTRIFSTICLI

*2. INT nINT3INTO

*INT nCPUINT nnn0255INT nINT3CPUINT330CCH

*INTO 4CPUINTOOFOF=14OF=0INTOMOV BL126 MOV AL5 ADD ALBL ;OF=1 INTO ;

* 000 11TF=1TFTrapTF=1CPU

*3.8088/8086>>INT n>INTO>>

8088/8086CPU(1). CPU2

*

*(2). CPU4 CPUIF=1 STIIRETCPUCPU CPU

(3). CPUINTA FLAGS IF=0 CS IP IPCS

*

(4).

(5). IRET*

*4. 8086

*

*25642561K8088/808600000003FFH

*=4n21H00000084H

4n+1,4nIPIP=4n4n+14n+3,4n+2CSIP= 4n+24n+3 CPUn

*20H20H480H

20HCS:IP=4000H:2010H

10H20H00H40H

.

*5. 8086/8088CPUCPU

*5. 8086/8088CPU IFTF0 IPCS IPCS

6.8 8259A8259A8648259A 5V*

*346781214157