oracle单机安装asm,单用户安装Oracle 11g单机ASM

一、安装准备

环境：RedHat 5.6 64位 Oracle 11.2.0.3

初始化安装环境(用脚本完成)：

#!/bin/bash

if [ ! $1 ] || [ ! $2 ]

then

echo "execute error,please input sid and oracle basic home path"

exit

fi

yum install -y binutils* compat-libstdc++* elfutils-libelf* elfutils-libelf-devel* elfutils-libelf-devel-static* gcc* gcc-c++* glibc* glibc-common* glibc-devel* glibc-headers* kernel-headers* ksh* libaio* libaio-devel* libgcc* libgomp* libstdc++* libstdc++-devel* make* numactl-devel* sysstat* unixODBC* openmotif* compat-lib* compat-gcc*

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmdba

/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba oracle

echo oracle | passwd oracle --stdin

mkdir -p $2/oracle/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p $2/oracle/app/grid

mkdir -p $2/oracle/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall $2/oracle/app/

chown -R oracle:oinstall $2/oracle/app/oraInventory

chown -R oracle:oinstall $2/oracle/app/grid

chown -R oracle:oinstall $2/oracle/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 $2/oracle/app/

chmod -R 775 $2/oracle/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 775 $2/oracle/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 $2/oracle/app/grid

cat > /home/oracle/.bash_grid_profile <

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

export ORACLE_BASE=$2/oracle/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$2/oracle/app/grid/product/11.2.0

export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"

export THREADS_FLAG=native

export PATH=$2/oracle/app/grid/product/11.2.0/bin:$PATH

EOF

cat > /home/oracle/.bash_profile <

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=$2/oracle/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$2/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=$1

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

EOF

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

EOF

echo "session required pam_limits.so ">> /etc/pam.d/login

cat >> /etc/profile <

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

EOF

cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf <

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

EOF

sysctl -p

将软件解压到/opt/soft/目录，给予oracle用户读权限。

以下安装都是用oracle一个用户完成，没有单独配置grid用户。

二、用udev配置asm磁盘

/dev/sdb、/dev/sdc、/dev/sdd 分别为三块硬盘。

用scsi_id获取块设备的唯一标示符：

[root@oratest ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdb

36000c2945fbd119dfeb6f164fdcfa54e

[root@oratest ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdc

36000c297080ea12caa33925bb579012a

[root@oratest ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdd

36000c299eb521cb7b35a1ea392fff524

创建udev配置文件：

[root@oratest ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p", RESULT=="36000c2945fbd119dfeb6f164fdcfa54e", NAME="data1", OWNER="oracle",

GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p", RESULT=="36000c297080ea12caa33925bb579012a", NAME="data2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p", RESULT=="36000c299eb521cb7b35a1ea392fff524", NAME="data3", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

如果是rac，需要将文件拷贝到其他节点。

启动udev服务

[root@oratest ~]# /sbin/udevcontrol reload_rules

[root@oratest ~]# /sbin/start_udev

Starting udev: [ OK ]

设置随机启动

[root@oratest ~]# echo "/sbin/start_udev" >>/etc/rc.local

检查是否可以看到磁盘

[root@oratest ~]# ll /dev/data*

brw-rw---- 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 16 Sep 30 17:58 /dev/data1

brw-rw---- 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 32 Sep 30 17:58 /dev/data2

brw-rw---- 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 48 Sep 30 17:58 /dev/data3

三、安装Grid Infrastructure

[root@oratest ~]# xhost +

[root@oratest ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@oratest ~]$ source .bash_grid_profile

[oracle@oratest ~]$ cd /opt/soft/grid/

[oracle@oratest grid]$ ./runInstaller

点击yes，继续：

至此，Grid Infrastructure安装完成。

检查Grid Infrastructure是否安装完成：

[oracle@oratest ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name Type Target State Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE oratest

ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE oratest

ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE oratest

ora.cssd ora.cssd.type ONLINE ONLINE oratest

ora.diskmon ora....on.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.evmd ora.evm.type ONLINE ONLINE oratest

ora.ons ora.ons.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

[oracle@oratest ~]$ asmcmd

ASMCMD> ls

DATA/

ASMCMD>

四、安装Oracle Soft

五、DBCA建库

建库前配置合适的共享内存/dev/shm，以便设置自动内存管理：

[root@oratest ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 18G 4.4G 12G 27% /

/dev/sda5 20G 15G 4.4G 77% /opt

/dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 500M 200M 301M 40% /dev/shm

[root@oratest ~]# umount /dev/shm -l

[root@oratest ~]# mount -t tmpfs -o size=750m tmpfs /dev/shm

检查修改是否成功：

[root@oratest ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 18G 4.4G 12G 27% /

/dev/sda5 20G 15G 4.4G 77% /opt

/dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 750M 0 750M 0% /dev/shm

添加到fstab中

[root@oratest ~]# vi /etc/fstab

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=750m 0 0