oracle安装多数据库实例配置,安装并配置多实例mysql数据库

二、安装mysql需要的依赖包和编译软件

[root@monitor01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)

[root@monitor01 ~]# uname -r

3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64

[root@monitor01 ~]# uname -m

x86_64

安装依赖包

[root@monitor01 yum.repos.d]# yum install ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake gcc gcc-c++ glibc openssl-devel bison-devel autoconf -y

[root@monitor01 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa curses-devel libaio-devel

安装编译mysql需要的软件

[root@monitor01 ~]# yum install cmake -y

[root@monitor01 ~]# rpm -qa cmake

三、安装mysql

1、建立mysql用户账号

[root@monitor01 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

[root@monitor01 ~]# id mysql

uid=1004(mysql) gid=1007(mysql) 组=1007(mysql)

mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz

mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3、采用编译方式安装mysql

第一步，下载mysql软件包，命令及操作如下：

[root@monitor01 ~]# mkdir -p /home/oldboy/tools

[root@monitor01 ~]# mkdir /application

[root@monitor01 ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools

[root@monitor01 ~]# wget -q http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz

[root@monitor01 tools]# ll -h

总用量 344M

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 314M 4月 13 14:52 mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 31M 4月 13 14:41 mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz

第二步，解压并配置mysql，命令及操作如下：

[root@monitor01 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz

[root@monitor01 tools]# cd mysql-5.6.40/

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.6.40 \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.6.40/data \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.6.40/tmp/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \

-DWITH_SSL=bundled \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \

-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \

-DWITH_DEBUG=0

参数说明：

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.6.40 \ #指定安装目录

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.6.40/data \ #指定数据data目录

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.6.40/mysql.sock \ #指定sock路径

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #指定默认字符集

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ #指定默认校验规则

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #指定扩展支持的字符集

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #启用innodb存储引擎

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #启用Federated存储引擎

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #启用BLACKHOLE引擎

-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #禁用EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE

-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \ #启用zlib支持

-DWITH_SSL=bundled \ #启用ssl库支持

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #启用加载本地数据

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \ #嵌入式服务器

-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \ #编译时允许自主下载相关文件

-DWITH_DEBUG=0 #禁用调试模式

(参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/ssgeek/p/10489078.html)

第三步，编译并安装mysql，命令及操作如下：

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# make && make install

第四步，为mysql安装路径设置不带版本号的软链接/application/mysql，命令及操作如下：

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.40/ /application/mysql

四、创建mysql多实例的数据文件目录

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data

五、创建mysql多实例配置文件

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# ll support-files/*.cnf

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1126 4月 13 15:14 support-files/my-default.cnf

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak_0

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# vi /data/3306/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

user = mysql

port = 3306

socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock

basedir = /application/mysql

datadir = /data/3306/data

log_bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin

server-id = 6

[mysqld_safe]

log_error = /data/3306/oldboy_3306.err

pid_file = /data/3306/mysqld.pid

[root@monitor01 3306]# cd /data/3306/

[root@monitor01 3306]# touch oldboy_3306.err

[root@monitor01 3306]# chown mysql.mysql oldboy_3306.err

[root@monitor01 3306]# chmod u+x oldboy_3306.err

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# vi /data/3307/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3307

socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

user = mysql

port = 3307

socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock

basedir = /application/mysql

datadir = /data/3307/data

log_bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin

server-id = 7

[mysqld_safe]

log_error = /data/3307/oldboy_3307.err

pid_file = /data/3307/mysqld.pid

[root@monitor01 3307]# cd /data/3307/

[root@monitor01 3307]# touch oldboy_3307.err

[root@monitor01 3307]# chown mysql.mysql oldboy_3307.err

[root@monitor01 3307]# chmod u+x oldboy_3307.err

六、创建mysql多实例的启动文件

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# vim /data/3306/mysql

#!/bin/sh

##############################################################

this scripts is created by oldboy at 2017-03-09

##############################################################

#init

port=3306

mysql_user="root"

Cmdpath="/application/mysql/bin"

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

mysqld_pid_file_path=/data/3306/3306.pid

start(){

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

/bin/sh ${Cmdpath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf --pid-file=$mysqld_pid_file_path 2>&1 > /dev/null &

sleep 3

else

printf "MySQL is running...\n"

exit 1

fi

}

stop(){

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

exit 1

else

printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

mysqld_pid=cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"

if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)

then

kill $mysqld_pid

sleep 2

fi

fi

}

restart(){

printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

stop

sleep 2

start

}

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

restart)

restart

;;

*)

printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"

esac

[root@monitor01 mysql-5.6.40]# vim /data/3307/mysql

#!/bin/sh

##############################################################

this scripts is created by oldboy at 2017-03-09

##############################################################

#init

port=3307

mysql_user="root"

Cmdpath="/application/mysql/bin"

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

mysqld_pid_file_path=/data/3307/3307.pid

start(){

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

/bin/sh ${Cmdpath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf --pid-file=$mysqld_pid_file_path 2>&1 > /dev/null &

sleep 3

else

printf "MySQL is running...\n"

exit 1

fi

}

stop(){

if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

exit 1

else

printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

mysqld_pid=cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"

if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)

then

kill $mysqld_pid

sleep 2

fi

fi

}

restart(){

printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

stop

sleep 2

start

}

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

restart)

restart

;;

*)

printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"

esac

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &

mysqladmin -u root -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &

mysqladmin -u root -poldboy123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

七、配置mysql多实例的文件权限

[root@monitor01 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data

[root@monitor01 ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1362 4月 14 11:27 /data/3306/mysql

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1362 4月 14 11:28 /data/3307/mysql

[root@monitor01 ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs chmod 700

[root@monitor01 ~]# find /data -name mysql -exec ls -l {} \;

八、将mysql相关命令加入全局路径

1、确认mysql命令所在路径：

[root@monitor01 ~]# ll /application/mysql/bin/mysql

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10250744 4月 13 15:27 /application/mysql/bin/mysql

2、在path变量前增加/application/mysql/bin路径，并追加到/etc/profile文件中

[root@monitor01 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin/:$PATH' >>/etc/profile

[root@monitor01 ~]# tail -l /etc/profile

[root@monitor01 ~]# source /etc/profile

[root@monitor01 ~]# echo $PATH

/application/mysql/bin/:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin ---/application/mysql/bin/ 务必放在PATH其他路径最前面

或者

ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/

九、初始化mysql多实例的数据库文件

[root@monitor01 ~]# cd /application/mysql/scripts

[root@monitor01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql

[root@monitor01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql

[root@monitor01 scripts]# tree /data

十、启动mysql多实例数据库

[root@monitor01 scripts]# mkdir -p /application/mysql-5.6.40/tmp

[root@monitor01 scripts]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/

如果第三章安装了单实例，则需要先停止之前启动的数据库

[root@monitor01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@monitor01 ~]# chkconfig mysqld off

[root@monitor01 ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld

[root@monitor01 ~]# /data/3306/mysql start

[root@monitor01 ~]# /data/3307/mysql start

[root@monitor01 ~]# netstat -lntup| grep mysql

十一、配置及管理mysql多实例数据库

1、配置mysql多实例开机自动启动

[root@monitor01 ~]# echo "#mysql multi instances" >>/etc/rc.local

[root@monitor01 ~]# echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local

[root@monitor01 ~]# echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local

[root@monitor01 ~]# tail -3 /etc/rc.local

#mysql multi instances

/data/3306/mysql start

/data/3307/mysql start

[root@monitor01 ~]#

2、登录mysql测试

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

[root@monitor01 ~]# /data/3306/mysql stop

[root@monitor01 ~]# /data/3306/mysql start

[root@monitor01 ~]# /data/3307/mysql stop

[root@monitor01 ~]# /data/3307/mysql start

3、mysql安全配置

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password 'oldboy123'

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password 'oldboy123'

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

修改密码：

[root@monitor01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password oldboy456

4、如何在增加一个mysql的实例：

mkdir -p /data/3308/data

\cp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308

\cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308

sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /data/3308/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308

chmod 700 /data/3308/mysql

cd /application/mysql/scripts

./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/application/mysql --user=mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308

egrep "server-id|log-bin" /data/3308/my.cnf

/data/3308/mysql start

sleep 5

netstat -lnt|grep 3308