计算机学院liguohui垃圾,无线传感器网络中的节点自适应周期定位.pdf

ComputerEngineering口” ，c口f 计算机工程与应用 2011，47(29) 117

无线传感器网络中的节点自适应周期定位

张晓芳，李国徽，王 娟

ZHANG Xiaofang，LIGuohui，WANG Juan

华中科技大学 计算机科学与技术学院，武汉 430074

College ofComputerScienceand Technology，Huazhong University ofScience andTechnology，Wuhan 430074，China

ZHANG Xiaofang，LI Guohui．WANG Juan．Self-adaptive periodic localization in wirelesssensornetworksC·omputerEn_

gineeringandApplications，2011，47(29)：117—120．

Abstract：Nodesself-localization algorithm isan importantpartofa wireless sensornetwork system ．Itisalso the basison

which a11the applications of such a system can be implemented．A self-adaptive periodic localization algorithm based on

leastsqHare estimation usesa periodic localization mechanism to controlnode locationsin a network．Range acquisition tech·

nique based on the strength ofreceived signals is used to acquire the distance between nodes．Localization period isactivat—

ed t．1Ilocalization is fnished．Forunknown nodes，the primitive location is acquired through the maximum likelihood estima-

tion．while the finallocation iS determined by leastsquare estimation．Emulationa1testsshow thatsuch an algorithm can sig—

nificantly improve the localization rates ofunknown nodesin anetwork，thuseffectively inhibiting the spread ofrange acqui—

sition errors．Accuracy ofnodeslocalizationalso increases in theprocess．

Key words：wirelesssensornetworks：nodesself-localization；periodic localization mechanism ；leastsquare estimation

摘 要：无线传感器网络节点 自定位算法是无线传感器网络系统的重要组成部分，是无线传感器网络中所有应用得以实现的基

础。基于最小二乘估计的 自适应周期定位算法采用周期定位机制控制网络中节点定位，使用基于接收信号强度指示的测距技术

获取节点间距离，启动定位周期，直至定位周期终止，完成定位。未知节点采用极大似然估计得到初解，使用最小二乘估计获得

自身位置坐标的最终解。仿真实验表明，基于最小二乘估计的自适应周期定位算法能显著提高网络中未知节点的定位率，有效

抑制测距误差的传播，提高了节点定位精度。

关键词：无线传感器网络；节点自定位；周期定位机制；最小二乘估计

DOI：10．3778／j．issn．1002．8331．2011．29．032 文章编号：1002．833l(2011)29—0l17．04 文献标识码：A 中图分类号：TP393

1 引言 络节点安装GPS接收器受到成本 、功耗 、扩展性等问题的限

无线传感器网络 (WirelessSensorNetworks，WSN)就是 制 ，在