a)文件管理
1.ls % ls /etc; ls -a ; ls –l; ls –d; ls -1 ;ls -F
2.cp cp –i; cp -r
3.mv mv –i; mv -f
4.mkdir/cdcd dirname; cd ..; cd .; cd ~; cd ; cd~lvwei
5.rmdirrmdir dirname1 [ dirname2 .... ]
6.rm rm –f; rm –i; rm –r;
7.pwd
8.chmod chmod [ -fR ] mode filename ...
9.chown
10.chgrp
11.find find . –name important.file –print
12.ln
13.touch
14.crypt
15.zip; unzip; gzip; gunzip; rar/unrar ; compress/uncompress
16.dos2unix ;unix2dos
17.vi
b)帮助
18.man man ...; man [-M path] -k keyword ...
19.--help
20.F1
21.图形帮助系统
22.aproposapropos keywords
23.which/whatis
c)字串、过滤器
24.cat/more/lesscat [-n]; more filename; less filename
25.head/tail head –n;tail –n
26.grep/fgrepgrep [-nvcI] match_pattern file1 file2 ....;grep “this is” filename
27.echo echo –n;
28.wcwc –[lwc]
29.split/csplitsplit ; split [-n]
30.cut cut –f1 –d” “ filename
31.sortsort –n –r; sort +5 ;
32.paste
33.sed/awk/
34.cmp/diff/comm
35.uniq
36.tr
d)关於通讯用的指令:
37.write write username [tty]
38.talk/ytalk/cytalk/ctalk talk username[@host] [tty]
39.mesg mesg [-n|-y]
40.mail/elm mail [username]
41.wall
e)Process管理
42.ps/top ps –a; ps –u; ps –x; ps –w; ps –ef;
43.kill kill [ -SIGNAL ] pid ... ;kill %1 ; kill
44.^Z,bg,fgfg %1
45.^C
46.jobs
47.history
48.alias
49.time/uptime
50.nice
51.at/ crontab
52.sleep
f)管道和重定向
53.| ;|tee ; >和>> ;
54.&
55.|| ; &&
g)网路指令:
56.rlogin与rsh rsh host [ -l username ] [ command ]
57.telnet telnet [ hostname | ip-address ] [ port ]
58.ftp ftp [ hostname | ip-address ]
59.wget
h)编译器( Compiler )
60.cc/gcc (C Compiler) /usr/bin/cc;/usr/local/bin/gcc;cc [ -o execfile ] source;gcc [ -o execfile ] source
61.pc (Pascal Compiler) /usr/local/bin/pc;语法: pc [ -o execfile ] source
62.f77 (Fortran Compiler) /net/home5/lang/f77; f77 [ -o execfile ] source
i)硬件信息
63.uname
64.dmesg
65.cat /proc/cpuinfo
66.getconf LONG_BIT
67.dudu –sh (linux);du –sk(unix)
68.dfdf –m ; df –k ; df –m ;
69.mount
70.umount
j)用户管理
71.Who/finger/w who –H;
72.passwd passwd [ username ]
73.chsh
74.adduser
75.su/sudo
76.last
k)其他
77.date
78.cal
79.expr
80.halt/ shutdown/reboot
81.initinit 0关机1单用户模式2多用户模式3网络下的多用户模式6关机并重新启动
82.rpm rpm –ivh *.rpm ; rpm –e ; rpm –Uvh ; rpm -q
l)正则表达式
83.元字符^; $; *; []; [^]; ; (…);X{m}
< 这是学生上机实验指导的提纲,收集了常用的一些命令。>
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