列出当前系统上所有已经登录的用户的用户名,注意:同一个用户登录多次,则只显示一次即可。
[root@localhost script]# who
chenjianhang tty1 2016-10-08 07:51
root tty2 2016-10-08 07:51
root pts/1 2016-10-08 02:58 (192.168.17.1)
[root@localhost script]# who | grep -o "^[^[:space:]]*\>" | uniq
chenjianhang
root
[root@localhost script]#
取出最后登录到当前系统的用户的相关信息。
[root@localhost ~]# last -1
root pts/1 192.168.17.1 Sat Oct 15 22:39 still logged in
wtmp begins Thu Dec 3 15:53:02 2015
[root@localhost ~]#
取出当前系统上被用户当作其默认shell的最多的那个shell。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | grep ".*sh" | uniq -c
1 /bin/bash
1 /sbin/shutdown
3 /bin/bash
1 /bin/tcsh
1 /bin/csh
7 /bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | grep ".*sh" | uniq -c | tail -1
7 /bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]#
将/etc/passwd中的第三个字段数值最大的后10个用户的信息全部改为大写后保存至/tmp/maxusers.txt文件中。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | sort -nk 3 -t : | tail -10 | tr [a-z] [A-Z] >/tmp/maxusers.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/maxusers.txt
DOCKER:X:504:504::/HOME/DOCKER:/BIN/CSH
OPENSTACK:X:3000:3000:COMMENT IMFOTMATION:/HOME/OPENSTACK:/BIN/BASH
UBUNTE:X:3001:3001:COMMENT IMFOTMATION:/HOME/UBUNTE:/BIN/BASH
MARIADB:X:3002:162::/HOME/MARIADB:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
FEDORA:X:3003:3003::/USERS/FEDORA:/BIN/BASH
WWW:X:3004:3004::/USERS/WWW:/BIN/BASH
NEWUSERNAME:X:3005:3005::/HOME/NEWUSERNAME:/BIN/BASH
ROOTKIT:X:3006:3006::/HOME/ROOTKIT:/BIN/BASH
CHROOT:X:3007:3007::/BIN/CHROOT:/BIN/BASH
NFSNOBODY:X:65534:65534:ANONYMOUS NFS USER:/VAR/LIB/NFS:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
[root@localhost ~]#
取出当前主机的IP地址,提示:对ifconfig命令的结果进行切分。
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:32:B0:C8
inet addr:192.168.17.128 Bcast:192.168.17.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe32:b0c8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:4079 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3539 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:449857 (439.3 KiB) TX bytes:520996 (508.7 KiB)
Interrupt:67 Base address:0x2024
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:1565 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1565 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3688919 (3.5 MiB) TX bytes:3688919 (3.5 MiB)
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | grep "inet addr" | cut -d":" -f 2 | cut -d" " -f 1
192.168.17.128
127.0.0.1
[root@localhost ~]#
列出/etc目录下所有以.conf结尾的文件的文件名,并将其名字转换为大写后保存至/tmp/etc.conf文件中。
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/*.conf | cut -d"/" -f 3 | tr [a-z] [A-Z] > /tmp/etc.test
[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/etc.test
AUTOFS_LDAP_AUTH.CONF
CDRECORD.CONF
CONMAN.CONF
DHCP6C.CONF
DNSMASQ.CONF
ESD.CONF
GPM-ROOT.CONF
GRUB.CONF
GSSAPI_MECH.CONF
HOST.CONF
IDMAPD.CONF
INITLOG.CONF
JWHOIS.CONF
KRB5.CONF
LDAP.CONF
LD.SO.CONF
LFTP.CONF
LIBAUDIT.CONF
LIBUSER.CONF
LOGROTATE.CONF
LTRACE.CONF
MKE2FS.CONF
MODPROBE.CONF
MTOOLS.CONF
MULTIPATH.CONF
NSCD.CONF
NSSWITCH.CONF
NTP.CONF
ODDJOBD.CONF
PAM_SMB.CONF
PRELINK.CONF
READER.CONF
RESOLV.CONF
SCROLLKEEPER.CONF
SESTATUS.CONF
SMARTD.CONF
SYSCTL.CONF
SYSLOG.CONF
TPVMLP.CONF
UPDATEDB.CONF
WARNQUOTA.CONF
YP.CONF
YUM.CONF
[root@localhost ~]#
显示/var目录下一级子目录或文件的总个数。
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var
total 180
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 25 18:38 1text2x
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 25 18:38 1text2x2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 25 18:38 1text2x-2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 account
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 cache
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 23 2012 cvs
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 db
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 empty
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 2011 games
drwxrwx--T 2 root gdm 4096 Oct 15 22:24 gdm
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 2011 local
drwxrwxr-x 6 root lock 4096 Oct 16 08:23 lock
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Oct 16 04:02 log
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 3 2015 mail -> spool/mail
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 2011 nis
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 2011 opt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 25 18:42 ppasswd
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 2011 preserve
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 11 2012 racoon
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Oct 16 07:25 run
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 spool
drwxrwxrwt 3 root root 4096 Sep 22 08:03 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 www
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 3 2015 yp
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var | wc -l
26
[root@localhost ~]#
取出/etc/group文件中第三个字段数值最小的10个组的名字。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group | sort -n -t ":" -k 3 | head -10 | cut -d ":" -f 1
root
bin
daemon
sys
adm
tty
disk
lp
mem
kmem
[root@localhost ~]#
将/etc/fstab和/etc/issue文件的内容合并为同一个内容后保存至/tmp/etc.test文件中。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab /etc/issue > /tmp/etc.test
[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/etc/test
cat: /tmp/etc/test: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/etc.test
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0
CentOS release 5.11 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
[root@localhost ~]#