java自定义字段,如何访问Java中自定义注释中定义的字段

I have the following Java code -

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

public class AnnotationTest

{

public @interface Size

{

int size();

int location();

}

@Size(size = 40, location = 85)

private String firstName;

@Size(size = 1, location = 21)

private String middleInitial;

@Size(size = 50, location = 115)

private String lastName;

public static void main(String[] args)

{

AnnotationTest t = new AnnotationTest();

Class extends AnnotationTest> classInstance = t.getClass();

for (Field f : classInstance.getDeclaredFields())

{

Size s = f.getAnnotation(Size.class);

int size = s.size(); // this is line 29

int location = s.location();

System.out.println("size = "+ size);

System.out.println("location = "+location);

}

}

}

The error I get is

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException

at com.stackoverflowx.AnnotationTest.main(Demo.java:125

How to access the annotation fields correctly?

解决方案

By default, annotations aren't available at runtime. You need to add @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) to your annotation definition to make it available for runtime processing. For example:

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface Size {

In practice, you should also check whether or not the field actually has a given annotation with Field.isAnnotationPresent before actually trying to get the annotation off of the field.

Also, it's also good practice to specify what types of elements your annotation belongs on with @Target. So your example would then be:

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)

public @interface Size {