cachehelper java,初识EHCache缓存框架(2.x版本)

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-08 09:14:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-08 09:14:14 发布

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文章标签： cachehelper java

参考文档:

关于EHCache3.x版本的使用详见此篇博客:

Maven依赖:

net.sf.ehcache

ehcache

2.10.3

1.独立使用

在class根目录下加入配置文件ehcache1.xml.

xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation = "http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd">

maxEntriesLocalHeap = "10000"

eternal = "false"

timeToIdleSeconds = "120"

timeToLiveSeconds = "120"

maxEntriesLocalDisk = "10000000"

diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = "120"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = "LRU" />

maxElementsInMemory = "1000"

eternal = "false"

timeToIdleSeconds = "5"

timeToLiveSeconds = "5"

overflowToDisk = "false"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = "LRU" />

Java代码如下:

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Create a cache manager

final CacheManager cacheManager = CacheManager.newInstance(EHCacheTest.class

.getResource("/ehcache1.xml"));

// create the cache called "hello-world"

final Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("hello-world1");

// create a key to map the data to

final String key = "greeting";

// Create a data element

final Element putGreeting = new Element(key, "Hello, World!");

// Put the element into the data store

cache.put(putGreeting);

// Retrieve the data element

final Element getGreeting = cache.get(key);

// Print the value

System.out.println(getGreeting.getObjectValue());

}

输出结果如下(包括日志):

DEBUG 18:15:24,365 [main](ConfigurationFactory.java:98) - Configuring ehcache from URL: file:/D:/WORKSPACE/intelljIdea/SSMProjectMaven/target/test-classes/ehcache1.xml

DEBUG 18:15:24,371 [main](ConfigurationFactory.java:150) - Configuring ehcache from InputStream

DEBUG 18:15:24,466 [main](BeanHandler.java:271) - Ignoring ehcache attribute xmlns:xsi

DEBUG 18:15:24,466 [main](BeanHandler.java:271) - Ignoring ehcache attribute xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation

DEBUG 18:15:24,474 [main](DiskStoreConfiguration.java:141) - Disk Store Path: C:\Users\FlyingHe\AppData\Local\Temp\/ehcache

DEBUG 18:15:24,526 [main](CacheManager.java:1102) - Creating new CacheManager with config URL: file:/D:/WORKSPACE/intelljIdea/SSMProjectMaven/target/test-classes/ehcache1.xml

DEBUG 18:15:24,531 [main](PropertyUtil.java:87) - propertiesString is null.

DEBUG 18:15:24,553 [main](ConfigurationHelper.java:189) - No CacheManagerEventListenerFactory class specified. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,168 [main](Cache.java:1044) - No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,169 [main](Cache.java:1017) - CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,169 [main](ConfigurationHelper.java:100) - No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,189 [main](Cache.java:1044) - No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,189 [main](Cache.java:1017) - CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,190 [main](ConfigurationHelper.java:100) - No CacheExceptionHandlerFactory class specified. Skipping...

DEBUG 18:15:25,243 [main](MemoryStore.java:180) - Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.MemoryStore for hello-world1

DEBUG 18:15:25,406 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: LOCAL_OFFHEAP_SIZE

DEBUG 18:15:25,414 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: LOCAL_OFFHEAP_SIZE_BYTES

DEBUG 18:15:25,415 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: LOCAL_DISK_SIZE

DEBUG 18:15:25,416 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: LOCAL_DISK_SIZE_BYTES

DEBUG 18:15:25,417 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: WRITER_QUEUE_LENGTH

DEBUG 18:15:25,419 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: REMOTE_SIZE

DEBUG 18:15:25,419 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:224) - Mocking Pass-Through Statistic: LAST_REJOIN_TIMESTAMP

DEBUG 18:15:25,516 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: OFFHEAP_GET

DEBUG 18:15:25,518 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: OFFHEAP_PUT

DEBUG 18:15:25,519 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: OFFHEAP_REMOVE

DEBUG 18:15:25,522 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: DISK_GET

DEBUG 18:15:25,523 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: DISK_PUT

DEBUG 18:15:25,524 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: DISK_REMOVE

DEBUG 18:15:25,525 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: XA_COMMIT

DEBUG 18:15:25,526 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: XA_ROLLBACK

DEBUG 18:15:25,556 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: XA_RECOVERY

DEBUG 18:15:25,565 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: CLUSTER_EVENT

DEBUG 18:15:25,566 [main](ExtendedStatisticsImpl.java:206) - Mocking Operation Statistic: NONSTOP

DEBUG 18:15:25,578 [main](Cache.java:1262) - Initialised cache: hello-world1

DEBUG 18:15:25,578 [main](ConfigurationHelper.java:334) - CacheDecoratorFactory not configured. Skipping for 'hello-world1'.

DEBUG 18:15:25,578 [main](ConfigurationHelper.java:364) - CacheDecoratorFactory not configured for defaultCache. Skipping for 'hello-world1'.

Hello, World!

注:

如果在实例化CacheManager时采用此种方式CacheManager manager = CacheManager.newInstance();则默认加载class根目录下的ehcache.xml文件。

在官方文档中已给出多种加载配置文件的方式的解释:

关于更多配置文件的解释：

对于配置文件：

xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation = "http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd">

maxElementsInMemory="10000"

maxElementsOnDisk="0"

eternal="true"

overflowToDisk="true"

diskPersistent="false"

timeToIdleSeconds="0"

timeToLiveSeconds="0"

diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="50"

diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU"

maxElementsInMemory="100"

maxElementsOnDisk="0"

eternal="false"

overflowToDisk="false"

diskPersistent="false"

timeToIdleSeconds="120"

timeToLiveSeconds="120"

diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="50"

diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="FIFO"

解释如下：

1、diskStore ：指定数据(.data and .index)存储位置，可指定磁盘中的文件夹位置期 The diskStore element is optional. It must be configured if you have overflowToDisk or diskPersistent enabled for any cache. If it is not configured, a warning will be issues and java.io.tmpdir will be used.

２、defaultCache ：默认的管理策略

一、以下属性是必须的：

1、name： Cache的名称，必须是唯一的(ehcache会把这个cache放到HashMap里)。

2、maxElementsInMemory：在内存中缓存的element的最大数目。

3、maxElementsOnDisk：在磁盘上缓存的element的最大数目，默认值为0，表示不限制。

４、eternal：设定缓存的elements是否永远不过期。如果为true，则缓存的数据始终有效，如果为false那么还要根据timeToIdleSeconds，timeToLiveSeconds判断。

５、overflowToDisk：如果内存中数据超过内存限制，是否要缓存到磁盘上。

二、以下属性是可选的：

１、timeToIdleSeconds：对象空闲时间，指对象在多长时间没有被访问就会失效。只对eternal为false的有效。默认值0，表示一直可以访问。

２、timeToLiveSeconds：对象存活时间，指对象从创建到失效所需要的时间。只对eternal为false的有效。默认值0，表示一直可以访问。

３、diskPersistent：是否在磁盘上持久化。指重启jvm后，数据是否有效。默认为false。

４、diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds：对象检测线程运行时间间隔。标识对象状态的线程多长时间运行一次。

５、diskSpoolBufferSizeMB： DiskStore使用的磁盘大小，默认值30MB。每个cache使用各自的DiskStore。

６、memoryStoreEvictionPolicy：如果内存中数据超过内存限制，向磁盘缓存时的策略。默认值LRU，可选FIFO、LFU。

四、缓存的3 种清空策略：

１、FIFO ，first in first out (先进先出).

２、LFU ， Less Frequently Used (最少使用).意思是一直以来最少被使用的。缓存的元素有一个hit 属性，hit 值最小的将会被清出缓存。

３、LRU ，Least Recently Used(最近最少使用). (ehcache 默认值).缓存的元素有一个时间戳，当缓存容量满了，而又需要腾出地方来缓存新的元素的时候，那么现有缓存元素中时间戳离当前时间最远的元素将被清出缓存。

2.EHCache2.x版本与Spring的整合使用

引入Spring相关的包这里不再详述。

①创建一个ehcache-spring.xml的文件，配置Spring

xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:cache = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"

xsi:schemaLocation = "

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd">

②创建ehcache1.xml文件，配置EHCache

xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation = "http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd">

maxEntriesLocalHeap = "10000"

eternal = "false"

timeToIdleSeconds = "120"

timeToLiveSeconds = "120"

maxEntriesLocalDisk = "10000000"

diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = "120"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = "LRU" />

maxElementsInMemory = "1000"

eternal = "false"

timeToIdleSeconds = "3"

timeToLiveSeconds = "3"

overflowToDisk = "false"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = "LRU" />

③创建一个Person类，需要缓存的对象的所属类必须实现java.io.Serializable接口

package at.flying.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Person implements Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private int id;

private String name;

public Person() {}

public Person(int id, String name) {

this.id = id;

this.name = name;

}

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "id=" + this.id + ", name=" + this.name;

}

④创建一个PersonService类，用于模拟对数据库操作的业务逻辑

package at.flying.service;

import at.flying.domain.Person;

import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;

import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;

import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;

public class PersonService {

private Set people;

public PersonService() {

people = new HashSet<>();

Person person1 = new Person(1, "张三");

Person person2 = new Person(2, "赵四");

Person person3 = new Person(3, "王五");

people.add(person1);

people.add(person2);

people.add(person3);

}

@Cacheable({"Person"})

public Person findUser(Person person) {

return findUserInDB(person.getId());

}

@Cacheable(value = "Person", condition = "#person.getId() <= 2")

public Person findUserInLimit(Person person) {

return findUserInDB(person.getId());

}

@CachePut(value = "Person")

public Person updateUser(Person person) {

updateUserInDB(person);

return person;

}

@CacheEvict(value = "Person")

public void removeUser(Person person) {

removeUserInDB(person.getId());

}

@CacheEvict(value = "Person", allEntries = true)

public void clear() {

removeAllInDB();

}

/**

* 模拟查找数据库

private Person findUserInDB(int id) {

for (Person u : people) {

if (id == u.getId()) {

System.out.println("查找数据库 id = " + id + " 成功");

return u;

}

return null;

}

/**

* 模拟更新数据库

private void updateUserInDB(Person person) {

for (Person u : people) {

if (person.getId() == u.getId()) {

System.out.println("更新数据库" + u + " -> " + person);

u.setName(person.getName());

}

private void removeUserInDB(int id) {

for (Person u : people) {

if (id == u.getId()) {

System.out.println("从数据库移除 id = " + id + " 的数据");

people.remove(u);

break;

}

private void removeAllInDB() {

people.clear();

}

⑤测试类EHCacheSpringTest

package at.flying.test;

import at.flying.domain.Person;

import at.flying.service.PersonService;

import net.sf.ehcache.Element;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:at/flying/ehcache/spring/xml/ehcache-spring.xml"})

public class EHCacheSpringTest {

@Autowired

PersonService personService;

@Autowired

EhCacheCacheManager cacheManager;

/**

* 测试@Cacheable

@Test

public void testFindUser() throws InterruptedException {

// 设置查询条件

Person person1 = new Person(1, null);

Person person2 = new Person(2, null);

Person person3 = new Person(3, null);

System.out.println("第一次查询");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person1));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person2));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person3));

this.printCacheStatus();

System.out.println("\n第二次查询");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person1));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person2));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person3));

// 在classpath:ehcache/ehcache.xml中，设置了userCache的缓存时间为3000 ms, 这里设置等待

Thread.sleep(3000);

System.out.println("\n缓存过期，再次查询");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person1));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person2));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person3));

}

/**

* 输出当前Person缓存的缓存信息

public void printCacheStatus() {

net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager cacheManager = this.cacheManager.getCacheManager();

net.sf.ehcache.Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("Person");

System.out.println("缓存对象数:" + cache.getSize());

System.out.println("各元素的Key-Value如下:");

List keys = cache.getKeys();

for (Object o : keys) {

Element e = cache.get(o);

System.out.println(o + " -> " + e.getObjectValue());

}

/**

* 测试@Cacheable设置Spring SpEL条件限制

@Test

public void testFindUserInLimit() throws InterruptedException {

// 设置查询条件

Person person1 = new Person(1, null);

Person person2 = new Person(2, null);

Person person3 = new Person(3, null);

System.out.println("第一次查询user info");

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person1));

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person2));

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person3));

System.out.println("\n第二次查询user info");

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person1));

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person2));

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person3)); // 超过限制条件，不会从缓存中读数据

// 在classpath:ehcache/ehcache.xml中，设置了userCache的缓存时间为3000 ms, 这里设置等待

Thread.sleep(3000);

System.out.println("\n缓存过期，再次查询");

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person1));

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person2));

System.out.println(personService.findUserInLimit(person3));

}

/**

* 测试@CachePut

@Test

public void testUpdateUser() {

// 设置查询条件

Person person2 = new Person(2, null);

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person2));

this.printCacheStatus();

personService.updateUser(new Person(2, "尼古拉斯.赵四"));

this.printCacheStatus();

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person2));

}

/**

* 测试@CacheEvict删除指定缓存

@Test

public void testRemoveUser() {

// 设置查询条件

Person person1 = new Person(1, null);

System.out.println("数据删除前：");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person1));

personService.removeUser(person1);

System.out.println("数据删除后：");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(person1));

}

/**

* 测试@CacheEvict删除所有缓存

@Test

public void testClear() {

System.out.println("数据清空前：");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(new Person(1, null)));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(new Person(2, null)));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(new Person(3, null)));

personService.clear();

System.out.println("\n数据清空后：");

System.out.println(personService.findUser(new Person(1, null)));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(new Person(2, null)));

System.out.println(personService.findUser(new Person(3, null)));

}

测试结果不再贴出。

注意：

注解Cacheable与Cacheput的区别:

cacheable一般用于查询数据，cacheput一般用于修改数据。两者都会对修饰的方法的返回值做缓存，如果在注解中没有指定缓存时的key并且也没有指定keyGenerator参数的话，那么默认key将会是直接调用缓存对象的toString()方法的返回值作为key，如果被修饰的方法没有返回值，那么缓存值value将会是null。

并且对于Cacheable如果在查询时发现缓存中存在，则不再执行被修饰的方法体，也就是说不会取数据库中查询数据，而对于CachePut的话，不管怎样被修饰的方法体都会执行，所以说，Cacheable一般用于查询数据，而CachePut一般用于修改数据。

结果可测试得到，这里不再贴出测试结果。

关于这三个注解的详细解释可以参考此篇博客:

关于EHCache配置文件中diskStore的解释可参看此篇博客:

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cachehelper java,初识EHCache缓存框架(2.x版本)

参考文档:关于EHCache3.x版本的使用详见此篇博客:Maven依赖:net.sf.ehcacheehcache2.10.31.独立使用在class根目录下加入配置文件ehcache1.xml.xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation = "http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd">maxEntriesLocalHeap = "10000"eter...
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