linux gai ip,Linux下获取本地IP地址--------getifaddrs

今天在看sheepdog的时候发现了getifaddrs()这个接口，它可以查找到系统所有的网络接口的信息，包括以太网卡接口和回环接口等。利用这个接口来获取本机的IP地址真是太方便了，原来的getaddrinfo()、ioctl()或者利用套接字方法等来获取IP地址的方法都没法跟这个接口比，不仅方便，而且也非常的强大，完全不需要绑定主机名等类似的操作。看了一下glibc的源码，它是利用netlink来实现的，所以在使用这个接口的时候一定要确保你的内核支持netlink。下面是man手册中的一个例子：

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

struct ifaddrs *ifaddr, *ifa;

int family, s;

char host[NI_MAXHOST];

if (getifaddrs(&ifaddr) == -1) {

perror("getifaddrs");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

/* Walk through linked list, maintaining head pointer so we

*              can free list later */

for (ifa = ifaddr; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {

if (ifa->ifa_addr == NULL)

continue;

family = ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family;

/* Display interface name and family (including symbolic

*                  form of the latter for the common families) */

printf("%s  address family: %d%s\n",

ifa->ifa_name, family,

(family == AF_PACKET) ? " (AF_PACKET)" :

(family == AF_INET) ?  " (AF_INET)" :

(family == AF_INET6) ?  " (AF_INET6)" : "");

/* For an AF_INET* interface address, display the address */

if (family == AF_INET || family == AF_INET6) {

s = getnameinfo(ifa->ifa_addr,

(family == AF_INET) ? sizeof(struct sockaddr_in) :

sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6),

host, NI_MAXHOST, NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);

if (s != 0) {

printf("getnameinfo() failed: %s\n", gai_strerror(s));

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

printf("\taddress: \n", host);

}

}

freeifaddrs(ifaddr);

exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

}