Socket本质上就是Java封装了传输层上的TCP协议,所以要想知道它的实现原理,建议去看java的api帮助文档了,这里我就不一一介绍了!下面,我用一个实例给大家说明一下吧。
--------------客户端项目代码------------------------
新建一个Android项目工程SimpleSocket
main_activity.xml文件代码入下:
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
android:id="@+id/ed1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="给服务器发送信息" />
android:id="@+id/send"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@id/ed1"
android:text="发送" />
android:id="@+id/txt1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@id/send"
android:textSize="15sp" />
MainActivity.java的代码如下:
package com.yaowen.simpelsocket;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
Socket socket = null;
String buffer = "";
TextView textView;
Button send;
EditText editText;
String strClientText;
public Handler myHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
if (msg.what == 0x11) {
Bundle bundle = msg.getData();
textView.append("server:" + bundle.getString("msg") + "\n");
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt1);
send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.ed1);
send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
strClientText = editText.getText().toString();
textView.append("client:" + strClientText + "\n");
//启动线程 向服务器发送和接收信息
new MyThread(strClientText+"\n").start();
}
});
}
class MyThread extends Thread {
public String string;
public MyThread(String string) {
this.string = string;
}
@Override
public void run() {
//定义消息
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = 0x11;
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.clear();
try {
//连接服务器 并设置连接超时为5秒
socket = new Socket();
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.3.200", 30000), 5000);
//获取输入输出流
OutputStream ou = socket.getOutputStream();
BufferedReader bff = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
socket.getInputStream()));
//读取发来服务器信息
String line = null;
buffer = "";
while ((line = bff.readLine()) != null) {
buffer = line + buffer;
}
//向服务器发送信息
ou.write((strClientText + ";").getBytes("gbk"));
ou.flush();
bundle.putString("msg", buffer.toString());
msg.setData(bundle);
//发送消息 修改UI线程中的组件
myHandler.sendMessage(msg);
//关闭各种输入输出流
bff.close();
ou.close();
socket.close();
} catch (SocketTimeoutException aa) {
//连接超时 在UI界面显示消息
bundle.putString("msg", "服务器连接失败!请检查网络是否打开");
msg.setData(bundle);
//发送消息 修改UI线程中的组件
myHandler.sendMessage(msg);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
最后别忘了在mainfests文件里添加访问网络权限,否则会抛异常!
-------------服务器代码------------------------------
新建一个java项目,如:net
新建一个AndroidService类,代码如下:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class AndroidRunable implements Runnable {
Socket socket = null;
public AndroidRunable(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 向android客户端输出hello worild
String line = null;
InputStream input;
OutputStream output;
String str = "hello world!";
try {
// 向客户端发送信息
output = socket.getOutputStream();
input = socket.getInputStream();
BufferedReader bff = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(input));
output.write(str.getBytes("gbk"));
output.flush();
// 关闭socket
socket.shutdownOutput();
// 获取客户端的信息
while ((line = bff.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.print(line);
}
// 关闭输入输出流
output.close();
bff.close();
input.close();
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
再新建一个AndroidRunable的类,继承与Runnable类,代码如下:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class AndroidRunable implements Runnable {
Socket socket = null;
public AndroidRunable(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 向android客户端输出hello worild
String line = null;
InputStream input;
OutputStream output;
String str = "hello world!";
try {
// 向客户端发送信息
output = socket.getOutputStream();
input = socket.getInputStream();
BufferedReader bff = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(input));
output.write(str.getBytes("gbk"));
output.flush();
// 关闭socket
socket.shutdownOutput();
// 获取客户端的信息
while ((line = bff.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.print(line);
}
// 关闭输入输出流
output.close();
bff.close();
input.close();
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
就这样子,服务器代码也编写完了,接下来运行服务代码,再把Android的项目跑起来,下面是这个例子的最终效果图:
1】服务器的运行状态:
2】客户端的运行状态:
注意:由上面的图片可知,我是用真机调试的,所以,真机要和启动服务的设备处在同一局域网才可以跑!