android源代码量,AndroidUI绘制流程，一步一步深入源码解析（三）view测量上篇

view的测量

根据(二)中分析，我们知道view的测量、布局、绘制分别调用了performMeasure、performLayout、perfromDraw方法；

源码如下：

总结UI详细测量、布局和绘制步骤如下：

1、测量：

View.measure--->View.onMeasure--->View.setMeasuredDimension--->View.setMeasureDimensionRaw

2、布局：

View.layout ---> View.onLayout

3、绘制：

ViewRootImpl.draw(fullRedrawNeeded)--->ViewRootImpl.drawSoftware--->view.draw(Canvas)

下面我们依次分析具体的测量、布局和绘制实现逻辑

测量：

View的测量会执行measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)方法，至于measure怎么执行先不探讨，我们先了解一下其中的两个参数，其实他们都是int类型的MeasureSpec。MeasureSpec可以说是View测量过程的前提，所以我们很有必要先来了解一下MeasureSpec。

MeasureSpec 工作原理

MeasureSpec 代表一个32位的int值，高2位代表SpecMode,低30位代表SpecSize。

SpecMode是指测量模式，SpecSize是指在某种测量模式下的大小。

MeasureSpec是View中的一个静态内部类。

我们可以把MeasureSpec理解为测量规则，而这个测量规则是由测量模式和和该模式下的测量大小共同组成的。

使用方式如下：

int MeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(specSize,SpecMode);

确定了View测量规则后，我们也可以通过测量规则获取测量模式和该模式下的测量大小。

int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);

int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

SpecMode有三类：

UNSPECIFIED

父容器不对View有任何限制，要多大给多大，这般情况一般用于系统内部，表示一种测量状态，如ScrollView测量子View时用的就是这个。

EXACTLY

父容器已经检测出View所需要的大小，这个时候View的最终大小就是SpecSize所测定的值，它对应于LayoutParams中的match_parent和具体的数值(如40dp,60dp)这两种模式。

AT_MOST

父容器指定了一个可用大小即SpecSize,View的大小不能大于这个值，具体是什么值要看不同View的具体实现。它对应于LayoutParams中的wrap_content.

下面我们再详细分解普通View如何测量

普通View的MeasureSpec的创建过程

MeasureSpec很重要，上文中我们也了解了MeasureSpec的工作原理，那如何获取MeasureSpec呢？下面就结合源码来分析MeasureSpec的创建过程。

先来看下ViewGroup中的measureChild方法

在这个方法中，先获取了子View的布局参数，然后通过getChildMeasureSpec方法分别得到子View的宽高测量规则，即childWidthMeasureSpec和childHeightMeasureSpec，最后调用子View的measure方法，至此测量过程就由父View传递到了子View.。MeasureSpec确定后就可以在onMeasure方法确定View的测量宽高了。

下面重点分析一下getChildMeasureSpec，源码如下：

/**

* Does the hard part of measureChildren: figuring out the MeasureSpec to

* pass to a particular child. This method figures out the right MeasureSpec

* for one dimension (height or width) of one child view.

*

* The goal is to combine information from our MeasureSpec with the

* LayoutParams of the child to get the best possible results. For example,

* if the this view knows its size (because its MeasureSpec has a mode of

* EXACTLY), and the child has indicated in its LayoutParams that it wants

* to be the same size as the parent, the parent should ask the child to

* layout given an exact size.

*

* @param spec The requirements for this view

* @param padding The padding of this view for the current dimension and

*        margins, if applicable

* @param childDimension How big the child wants to be in the current

*        dimension

* @return a MeasureSpec integer for the child

*/

public static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) {

int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec);

int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec);

int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding);

int resultSize = 0;

int resultMode = 0;

switch (specMode) {

// Parent has imposed an exact size on us

case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:

if (childDimension >= 0) {

resultSize = childDimension;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;

} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {

// Child wants to be our size. So be it.

resultSize = size;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;

} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {

// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be

// bigger than us.

resultSize = size;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;

}

break;

// Parent has imposed a maximum size on us

case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:

if (childDimension >= 0) {

// Child wants a specific size... so be it

resultSize = childDimension;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;

} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {

// Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed.

// Constrain child to not be bigger than us.

resultSize = size;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;

} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {

// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be

// bigger than us.

resultSize = size;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;

}

break;

// Parent asked to see how big we want to be

case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:

if (childDimension >= 0) {

// Child wants a specific size... let him have it

resultSize = childDimension;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;

} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {

// Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should

// be

resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;

} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {

// Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how

// big it should be

resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;

resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;

}

break;

}

//noinspection ResourceType

return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode);

}

此方法比较清晰，它主要用来通过父View的MeasureSpec和子View的LayoutParams来确定子View的MeasureSpec的，即普通View的MeasureSpec创建过程。

接着我们再了解一下DecorView的MeaureSpace是如何创建的

普通View的MeasureSpec的创建过程阐述了怎样通过父View的MeasureSpec和子View的LayoutParams来确定子View的MeasureSpec。那顶级View,即DecorView的MeasureSpec创建过程又是怎样的呢？ViewRootImp的measureHierarchy方法中有如下代码：

接着来看getRootMeasureSpec方法

从上述源码，我们可以得出如下规则，具体根据它的LayoutParams来划分：

LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT:精确模式 其大小就为屏幕的尺寸大小

ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT：最大模式，大小不定，但是不能超过屏幕的大小

具体数值(如40dp):精确模式，大小为LayoutParamas指定的大小。