android 高度百分比,Android 屏幕适配-百分比布局适配

说明:本文仅为简单思路,没有实现项目适用的轮子

通过百分比布局做屏幕适配的主要思路是:

以父容器尺寸做为参考,在View的加载过程,根据当前父容器实际

尺寸换算出目标尺寸,再作用在View上。

先梳理下大概步骤:

自定义属性定义一些百分比的属性值

创建自定义View继承自RelativeLayout

解析自定义属性

重写自定义View的onMeasure()方法 实现百分比布局适配

下面依次来看 :

自定义属性

在values文件夹下新建arrts.xml文件并声明以下自定义属性:

创建自定义View

这步比较简单,就是创建自定义View继承自RelativeLayout,重写构造方法,和onMeasure()方法,不在赘述.代码看后面附上的完整代码~

解析自定义属性

说明一下:

这里仿照了RelativeLayout解析属性的方式,子饿了一个内部类,用于解析自定义属性

在Android的View加载过程中,View的LayoutParams属性是又父控件决定的,所以重写了LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs)方法,目的是让子控件构建的LayoutParams属性对象是自定义View的内部类的LayoutParams,竖起来有点绕,可以看下代码和注释,很好理解~

//子View调用该方法创建自身的LayoutParams对象,重写之后,创建的对象就是下面内部类,保证子View使用了自定义属性能够正常解析

public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs){

return new LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);

}

//这里因为自定义View继承自RelativeLayout,直接仿照RelativeLayout解析自定义属性的方式,写了一个内部类用于解析自定义属性

public static class LayoutParams extends RelativeLayout.LayoutParams{

private float widthPercent;

private float heightPercent;

private float marginLeftPercent;

private float marginRightPercent;

private float marginTopPercent;

private float marginBottomPercent;

public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(c, attrs);

//解析自定义属性

TypedArray a = c.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.PercentLayout);

widthPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_widthPercent, 0);

heightPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_heightPercent, 0);

marginLeftPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginLeftPercent, 0);

marginRightPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginRightPercent, 0);

marginTopPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginTopPercent, 0);

marginBottomPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginBottomPercent, 0);

a.recycle();

}

}

重写自定义View的onMeasure()方法 实现百分比布局适配

这里就直接贴完整代码了,看下备注,没什么难度~

public class PercentLayout extends RelativeLayout {

public PercentLayout(Context context) {

super(context);

}

public PercentLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

}

public PercentLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {

super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);

}

@Override

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {

//获取父容器的尺寸

int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);

int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

int count = getChildCount();

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

View child = getChildAt(i);

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = child.getLayoutParams();

//判断子View的LayoutParams属性是否等同于(instanceof ) 内部类LayoutParams对象

if (checkLayoutParams(params)){

//如果是自定义百分比的属性,就获取自定义的各个百分比值

LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams)params;

float widthPercent = lp.widthPercent;

float heightPercent = lp.heightPercent;

float marginLeftPercent = lp.marginLeftPercent;

float marginRightPercent= lp.marginRightPercent;

float marginTopPercent= lp.marginTopPercent;

float marginBottomPercent = lp.marginBottomPercent;

//判断获取的自定义属性值,如果大于0,证明xml里进行了声明,并根据属性值进行调整View的宽高以及各方向的Margin值

if (widthPercent > 0){

params.width = (int) (widthSize * widthPercent);

}

if (heightPercent > 0){

params.height = (int) (heightSize * heightPercent);

}

if (marginLeftPercent > 0){

((LayoutParams) params).leftMargin = (int) (widthSize * marginLeftPercent);

}

if (marginRightPercent > 0){

((LayoutParams) params).rightMargin = (int) (widthSize * marginRightPercent);

}

if (marginTopPercent > 0){

((LayoutParams) params).topMargin = (int) (heightSize * marginTopPercent);

}

if (marginBottomPercent > 0){

((LayoutParams) params).bottomMargin = (int) (heightSize * marginBottomPercent);

}

}

}

super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

}

@Override

protected boolean checkLayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams p) {

//校验属性是否是百分比布局属性

return p instanceof LayoutParams;

}

//子View会调用这个方法构建自身的LayoutParams属性,这里创建的就是内部类的LayoutParams对象

public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs){

return new LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);

}

public static class LayoutParams extends RelativeLayout.LayoutParams{

private float widthPercent;

private float heightPercent;

private float marginLeftPercent;

private float marginRightPercent;

private float marginTopPercent;

private float marginBottomPercent;

public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(c, attrs);

//解析自定义属性

TypedArray a = c.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.PercentLayout);

widthPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_widthPercent, 0);

heightPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_heightPercent, 0);

marginLeftPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginLeftPercent, 0);

marginRightPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginRightPercent, 0);

marginTopPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginTopPercent, 0);

marginBottomPercent = a.getFloat(R.styleable.PercentLayout_marginBottomPercent, 0);

a.recycle();

}

}

}

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