rabbitmq php延迟队列,PHP实战RabbitMQ之延时队列篇

前言

延时队列的作用不再累述

本文使用rabbitmq的queue可以设置ttl时间，将到期的message设为死信，message会被push到delay_queue，消费delay_queue即可实现延时队列功能

场景

先假设这样一个场景：

小明在外卖平台下个一个订单，如果超过10分钟未支付，则系统自动取消订单，并推送给用户“订单已取消”信息。

开发思路：

下订单时就将订单orderId push到订单队列order_queue，并设置次条message的有效期为10分钟，当10分钟后此条message到期，会将此条message转化为死信push到exchange，将exchange和queue进行绑定，开一个/多个消费者消费queue，并判断queue中message订单是否已支付，若未支付则推送通知，取消订单。

流程图，未考虑消息消费失败的情况

核心代码

对RabbitMQ进行简单的封装

namespace RabbitMQ;

use PhpAmqpLib\Connection\AMQPStreamConnection;

use PhpAmqpLib\Message\AMQPMessage;

class RabbitMQ

{

private $host = '127.0.0.1';

private $port = 5672;

private $user = 'guest';

private $password = 'guest';

protected $connection;

protected $channel;

/**

* RabbitMQ constructor.

*/

public function __construct()

{

$this->connection = new AMQPStreamConnection($this->host, $this->port, $this->user, $this->password);

$this->channel = $this->connection->channel();

}

/**

* 生成信息

* @param $message

*/

public function sendMessage($message, $routeKey, $exchange = '', $properties = [])

{

$data = new AMQPMessage(

$message, $properties

);

$this->channel->basic_publish($data, $exchange, $routeKey);

}

/**

* 消费消息

* @param $queueName

* @param $callback

* @throws \ErrorException

*/

public function consumeMessage($queueName,$callback)

{

$this->channel->basic_consume($queueName, '', false, false, false, false, $callback);

while ($this->channel->is_consuming()) {

$this->channel->wait();

}

}

/**

* @throws \Exception

*/

public function __destruct()

{

$this->channel->close();

$this->connection->close();

}

}

创建延时队列

namespace RabbitMQ;

use PhpAmqpLib\Exchange\AMQPExchangeType;

use PhpAmqpLib\Message\AMQPMessage;

use PhpAmqpLib\Wire\AMQPTable;

/**

* 使用RabbitMQ实现延时队列功能

* Class DelayQueue

* @package RabbitMQ

*/

class DelayQueue extends RabbitMQ

{

/**

* 创建延时队列

* @param $ttl

* @param $delayExName

* @param $delayQueueName

* @param $queueName

*/

public function createQueue($ttl, $delayExName, $delayQueueName, $queueName)

{

$args = new AMQPTable([

'x-dead-letter-exchange' => $delayExName,

'x-message-ttl' => $ttl, //消息存活时间

'x-dead-letter-routing-key' => $queueName

]);

$this->channel->queue_declare($queueName, false, true, false, false, false, $args);

//绑定死信queue

$this->channel->exchange_declare($delayExName, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);

$this->channel->queue_declare($delayQueueName, false, true, false, false);

$this->channel->queue_bind($delayQueueName, $delayExName, $queueName, false);

}

}

生产者，代码很简单，看看运行之后的效果，订单的message越来越多

require_once '../vendor/autoload.php';

// 生产者

$delay = new \RabbitMQ\DelayQueue();

$ttl = 1000 * 100;//订单100s后超时

$delayExName = 'delay-order-exchange';//超时exchange

$delayQueueName = 'delay-order-queue';//超时queue

$queueName = 'ttl-order-queue';//订单queue

$delay->createQueue($ttl, $delayExName, $delayQueueName, $queueName);

//100个订单信息，每个订单超时时间都是10s

for ($i = 0; $i < 100; $i++) {

$data = [

'order_id' => $i + 1,

'remark' => 'this is a order test'

];

$delay->sendMessage(json_encode($data), $queueName);

sleep(1);

}

消费者，看看消费之后的，过一会会观察到，已经有到期message被push到了delay_order_queue

消费者也消费到了message

require_once '../vendor/autoload.php';

// 消费者

$delay = new \RabbitMQ\DelayQueue();

$delayQueueName = 'delay-order-queue';

$callback = function ($msg) {

echo $msg->body . PHP_EOL;

$msg->delivery_info['channel']->basic_ack($msg->delivery_info['delivery_tag']);

//处理订单超时逻辑，给用户推送提醒等等。。。

sleep(10);

};

/**

* 消费已经超时的订单信息，进行处理

*/

$delay->consumeMessage($delayQueueName, $callback);