python如何删除项目,从Python字典中删除项目的最佳方式？

What is the best way to remove an item from a dictionary when the item's key is unknown? Here's a simple approach:

for key, item in some_dict.items():

if item is item_to_remove:

del some_dict[key]

Are there better ways? Is there anything wrong with mutating (deleting items) from the dictionary while iterating it?

解决方案

Be aware that you're currently testing for object identity (is only returns True if both operands are represented by the same object in memory - this is not always the case with two object that compare equal with ==). If you are doing this on purpose, then you could rewrite your code as

some_dict = {key: value for key, value in some_dict.items()

if value is not value_to_remove}

But this may not do what you want:

>>> some_dict = {1: "Hello", 2: "Goodbye", 3: "You say yes", 4: "I say no"}

>>> value_to_remove = "You say yes"

>>> some_dict = {key: value for key, value in some_dict.items() if value is not value_to_remove}

>>> some_dict

{1: 'Hello', 2: 'Goodbye', 3: 'You say yes', 4: 'I say no'}

>>> some_dict = {key: value for key, value in some_dict.items() if value != value_to_remove}

>>> some_dict

{1: 'Hello', 2: 'Goodbye', 4: 'I say no'}

So you probably want != instead of is not.