MySQL安装版与免安装版,MySQL免安装版配备与安装

MySQL免安装版配置与安装

step1:解压mysql包，我的路径是E:\mysql-5.5.19，就用%MySQL_HOME%表示。

step2:写my.ini文件，这个是mysql启动时的配置文件，压缩包里默认提供了几个配置模版，my-small.ini, my-medium.ini, my-large.ini, my-huge.ini, my-innodb-heavy-4G.ini。这几个模版的主要区别是和内存有关的。

如small模版就说：如果系统内存小于64M，并且mysql不常用使用，那就用这个模版，并且使用这个模版mysqld  daemon守护精灵占用的资源最少。这个基本上就是做嵌入式数据库啦。

如果数据库在你的开发中应用中扮演一个比较重要的角色，那就用medium模版。medium模版即适合32M-64M内存的系统使用，又可以满足web开发使用。(是它自己说的，看来这个是全能型选手)

large模版，如果你的系统内存有512M，并且主要运行mysql，那就用这个。(512M现在大家都能轻松达到吧~~)

huge模版，就是系统内存在1G-2G之间用的。

my-innodb-heavy-4G这个模版就厉害，系统4G内存，并且只使用innodb表。这个基本上就是单做数据库服务器才用的。

以下贴上我的my.ini配置：

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

# set default character for client

default-character-set=utf8

#password= your_password

port= 3306

socket= /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is

# created and no character set is defined

character-set-server=utf8

#Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.

basedir="E:/mysql-5.5.19/"

#Path to the database root

datadir="E:/mysql-5.5.19/data/"

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when

default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict

sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will

# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with

# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the

# connection limit has been reached.

max_connections=50

# Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them

# without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query

# cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your

# have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the

# "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value

# is high enough for your load.

# Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are

# textually different every time, the query cache may result in a

# slowdown instead of a performance improvement.

query_cache_size=67108864

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value

# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.

# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files

# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in

# section [mysqld_safe]

table_cache=256

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table

# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk

# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many

# of them.

tmp_table_size=9M

# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client

# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't

# more than thread_cache_size threads from before. This greatly reduces

# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new

# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance

# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)

thread_cache_size=16

port= 3306

socket= /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended

binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1

# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

# but will not function as a master if omitted

server-id= 1

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables

innodb_data_home_dir ="E:/mysql-5.5.19/data/"

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir ="E:/mysql-5.5.19/data/"

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %

# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M

# Additional memory pool that is used by InnoDB to store metadata

# information. If InnoDB requires more memory for this purpose it will

# start to allocate it from the OS. As this is fast enough on most

# recent operating systems, you normally do not need to change this

# value. SHOW INNODB STATUS will display the current amount used.

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size

# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size

# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid

# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,

# note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the

# recovery process.

innodb_log_file_size = 5M

# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as

# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed

# once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large

# (even with long transactions).

innodb_log_buffer_size = 1M

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the

# disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are

# willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small

# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the

# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and

# the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2

# means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log

# file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value

# depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS

# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.

innodb_thread_concurrency=10

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

no-auto-rehash

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL

#safe-updates

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 20M

sort_buffer_size = 20M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

注意上边mysqld的字符集设置，以前版本的mysqld可以使用default-character-set=utf8，但是新版本那个参数已经删除了，必须使用character-set-server=utf8，否则日志中会记录错误：[ERROR] mysqld: unknown variable 'default-character-set=utf8'。

step3:配置文件写好之后，可以使用mysqld --defaults-file="E:\mysql-5.5.19\my.ini"命令来启动mysql。这时root账户不需要密码。基于最普通的安全考虑，你也应该给root账户设置一个密码。使用如下步骤：

use mysql;

update user set password = password('root');

在这里最好使用password()函数，这样有两方面好处，一，设置的密码root是加密存储的。select * from user;时，你会看到密码是一串字符。二，这样做不用更改user表的authentication_string字段的设置。

注意这时有默认的匿名用户，如果不需要应该删掉，在user表中可以看到。

step4:设置完成密码之后，只有重启mysqld服务，更改才能生效。如果只是关闭cmd窗口显然是不起作用的，你在进程管理器中应该还能看到mysqld并没有关掉。必须另开一个cmd，使用如下语句：

mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p

然后再次启动mysqld就ok了，再次启动的时候，并不需要加上--defaults-file这个参数，如果你没有对它做修改的话。

如有错误敬请指正，渴望真像的脚步从未停歇。