python中的正则表达式用法_Python中正则表达式的用法总结

正则表达式很神奇啊

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import re

def print_match_res(res):

"""打印匹配对象内容"""

if res is not None:

print(res.group())

else:

print(None)

# 两种匹配方式：

pattern="[A-Z][a-z]+"

# 一、使用re模块函数进行匹配

res=re.match(pattern,"Tom is a good boy") # 匹配，返回匹配对象

print(type(res))

print(res.group())

# 二、使用预编译后的正则表达式对象的方法进行匹配

obj_pattern=re.compile(pattern) # 预编译，返回正则表达式对象

print(type(obj_pattern))

res=obj_pattern.match("Tom is a good boy") # 匹配，返回匹配对象

print(type(res))

print(res.group())

# 匹配对象的group()和groups()方法

pattern="\d{3}-\d{5}"

obj_pattern=re.compile(pattern)

res=obj_pattern.search("家庭电话:000-88886")

print(res.group()) # 返回整个匹配或特定子组

print(res.groups()) # 返回包含全部子组的元组

# match():从起始部分开始匹配，如果成功，返回匹配对象；失败，返回None。只匹配一次

pattern="my"

# res=re.compile(pattern).match("my name is li")

res=re.match(pattern,"my name is li")

print_match_res(res)

# search(): 从任意位置开始匹配，如果成功，返回匹配对象；失败，返回None。只匹配一次

pattern="my"

# res=re.compile(pattern).search("it's my dog")

res=re.search(pattern,"my name is li")

print_match_res(res)

# 查找全部

# findall(),finditer()

res=re.findall(r"th\w+","This and that",re.I)

print(res)

res=re.finditer(r"th\w+","This and that",re.I)

print(res)

print(next(res).group(),next(res).group())

# 替换

# sub(),subn()

res=re.sub("funny","fool","You are so funny")

print(res)

res=re.subn("funny","fool","You are so funny")

print(res)

# 分割

# splite()

res=re.split("\.","Mr.Smith")

print(res)

print("#"*50)

# 择一匹配符号 a|b

pattern="I|You|She"

res=re.compile(pattern,flags=re.IGNORECASE).match("i love you")

print_match_res(res)

res=re.compile(pattern,flags=re.I).search("who love you")

print_match_res(res)

# 匹配任意单个字符 .

pattern="w{3,}\..+\.com"

res=re.match(pattern,"wwww.google.com/index.html",re.I)

print_match_res(res)

# 字符集 [abc] [a-z0-9]

pattern="[A-Za-z0-9_]*\."

res=re.match(pattern,"Python3.?")

print_match_res(res)

# 特殊字符 \d \w \s \b \\

# 重复 + ? * {N,} {N,M}

# 分组 (...)

pattern="\w+@(\w{1,10}\.)*([a-z]*)"

res=re.match(pattern,"li@gmail.com")

print_match_res(res)

res=re.match(pattern,"li@qq.vip.org")

print_match_res(res)

print(res.group(0),res.group(1),res.group(2),sep="\t")

print(res.groups())

# 匹配字符串的起始和结尾，单词边界 ^a z$ \A \Z \b \B

pattern=r"^the"

# pattern=r"\Athe"

res=re.search(pattern,"The end of the world")

print_match_res(res)

res=re.search(pattern,"they smile")

print_match_res(res)

pattern=r"cry$"

# pattern=r"cry\Z"

res=re.search(pattern,"they cry")

print_match_res(res)

res=re.search(r"\bthe","bit the dog")

print_match_res(res)

res=re.search(r"\Bhe","bit the dog")

print_match_res(res)

总结

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