案例一
父组件parent.vue
// asyncData为异步获取的数据,想传递给子组件使用
父组件
import child from './child'
export default {
data: () => ({
asyncData: ''
}),
components: {
child
},
created () {
},
mounted () {
// setTimeout模拟异步数据
setTimeout(() => {
this.asyncData = 'async data'
console.log('parent finish')
}, 2000)
}
}
子组件child.vue
子组件{{childData}}
export default {
props: ['childData'],
data: () => ({
}),
created () {
console.log(this.childData) // 空值
},
methods: {
}
}
上面按照这里的解析,子组件的html中的{{childData}}的值会随着父组件的值而改变,但是created里面的却不会发生改变(生命周期问题)
案例二
parent.vue
父组件
import child from './child'
export default {
data: () => ({
asyncObject: ''
}),
components: {
child
},
created () {
},
mounted () {
// setTimeout模拟异步数据
setTimeout(() => {
this.asyncObject = {'items': [1, 2, 3]}
console.log('parent finish')
}, 2000)
}
}
child.vue
子组件
{{childObject.items[0]}}
export default {
props: ['childObject'],
data: () => ({
}),
created () {
console.log(this.childObject) // 空值
},
methods: {
}
}
created里面的却不会发生改变, 子组件的html中的{{{childObject.items[0]}}的值虽然会随着父组件的值而改变,但是过程中会报错
// 首先传过来的是空,然后在异步刷新值,也开始时候childObject.items[0]等同于''.item[0]这样的操作,
所以就会报下面的错
vue.esm.js?8910:434 [Vue warn]: Error in render function:
"TypeError: Cannot read property '0' of undefined"
针对二的解决方法:
1、使用v-if可以解决报错问题,和created为空问题
// parent.vue
父组件
import child from './child'
export default {
data: () => ({
asyncObject: '',
flag: false
}),
components: {
child
},
created () {
},
mounted () {
// setTimeout模拟异步数据
setTimeout(() => {
this.asyncObject = {'items': [1, 2, 3]}
this.flag = true
console.log('parent finish')
}, 2000)
}
}
//child.vue
子组件//不报错
{{childObject.items[0]}}
export default {
props: ['childObject'],
data: () => ({
}),
created () {
console.log(this.childObject)// Object {items: [1,2,3]}
},
methods: {
}
}
2、子组件使用watch来监听父组件改变的prop,使用methods来代替created
子组件
{{test}}
export default {
props: ['childObject'],
data: () => ({
test: ''
}),
watch: {
'childObject.items': function (n, o) {
this.test = n[0]
this.updata()
}
},
methods: {
updata () { // 既然created只会执行一次,但是又想监听改变的值做其他事情的话,只能搬到这里咯
console.log(this.test)// 1
}
}
}
3、子组件watch computed data 相结合,有点麻烦
子组件
{{test}}
export default {
props: ['childObject'],
data: () => ({
test: ''
}),
watch: {
'childObject.items': function (n, o) {
this._test = n[0]
}
},
computed: {
_test: {
set (value) {
this.update()
this.test = value
},
get () {
return this.test
}
}
},
methods: {
update () {
console.log(this.childObject) // {items: [1,2,3]}
}
}
}
4、使用emit,on,bus相结合
子组件
{{test}}
export default {
props: ['childObject'],
data: () => ({
test: ''
}),
created () {
// 绑定
this.$bus.on('triggerChild', (parmas) => {
this.test = parmas.items[0] // 1
this.updata()
})
},
methods: {
updata () {
console.log(this.test) // 1
}
}
}
这里使用了bus这个库,parent.vue和child.vue必须公用一个事件总线(也就是要引入同一个js,这个js定义了一个类似let bus = new Vue()的东西供这两个组件连接),才能相互触发
5、使用prop default来解决{{childObject.items[0]}}
父组件
import child from './child'
export default {
data: () => ({
asyncObject: undefined // 这里使用null反而报0的错
}),
components: {
child
},
created () {
},
mounted () {
// setTimeout模拟异步数据
setTimeout(() => {
this.asyncObject = {'items': [1, 2, 3]}
console.log('parent finish')
}, 2000)
}
}
子组件
{{childObject.items[0]}}
export default {
props: {
childObject: {
type: Object,
default () {
return {
items: ''
}
}
}
},
data: () => ({
}),
created () {
console.log(this.childObject) // {item: ''}
}
}