java设计复数类报告总结,2017-2018-2 20165312实验二《Java面向对象程序设计》实验报告...

2017-2018-2 20165312实验二《Java面向对象程序设计》实验报告

实验中遇到的问题

1.增加MyUtil的测试类之后，TestCase是红色的，但是没有找到junit.jar包的地方

解决方法：

找到电脑中IDEA安装路径

打开File->Project Structure

点击Dependencies,单击右上角的+,然后选择第一个JARs or directories

复制刚才的路径名，找到junit-4.12 jar、 junit.jar

选择junit-4.12 jar、 junit.jar两项，并点击下方Ok

2.在做第二个实验的时候，运行测试代码时出现了问题

并不是产品代码的问题，而是测试代码的问题。

@Test

public void testcharAt(){

assertEquals("S",buffer.charAt(0));

}

@Test

public void testcapacity(){

assertEquals("28",buffer.capacity());

}

@Test

public void testindexof(){

assertEquals("1",buffer.indexOf("tring"));

}

"S" "28" “1”是错误的

正确代码：

@Test

public void testcharAt(){

assertEquals('S',buffer.charAt(0));

}

@Test

public void testcapacity(){

assertEquals(28,buffer.capacity());

}

@Test

public void testindexof(){

assertEquals(1,buffer.indexOf("tring"));

}

知识点总结

伪代码

产品代码

Java编程时，程序员对类实现的测试叫单元测试。

测试用例是为某个特殊目标而编制的一组测试输入、执行条件以及预期结果，以便测试某个程序路径或核实是否满足某个特定需求。

先写测试代码，然后再写产品代码的开发方法叫“测试驱动开发”(TDD)

面向对象三要素是“封装、继承、多态”，任何面向对象编程语言都会在语法上支持这三要素。S.O.L.I.D类设计原则：

SRP(Single Responsibility Principle,单一职责原则)

OCP(Open-Closed Principle,开放-封闭原则)

LSP(Liskov Substitusion Principle,Liskov替换原则)

ISP(Interface Segregation Principle,接口分离原则)

DIP(Dependency Inversion Principle,依赖倒置原则)

五项实验任务

一、学生成绩等级制

题目要求：测试用例(正常情况，错误情况，边界情况)都通过

产品代码：

/**

* Created by CaoGe on 2018/4/14.

*/

public class MyUtil{

public static String percentage2fivegrade(int grade){

//如果成绩小于0，转成“错误”

if ((grade < 0))

return "错误";

//如果成绩小于60，转成“不及格”

else if (grade < 60)

return "不及格";

//如果成绩在60与70之间，转成“及格”

else if (grade < 70)

return "及格";

//如果成绩在70与80之间，转成“中等”

else if (grade < 80)

return "中等";

//如果成绩在80与90之间，转成“良好”

else if (grade < 90)

return "良好";

//如果成绩在90与100之间，转成“优秀”

else if (grade <= 100)

return "优秀";

//如果成绩大于100，转成“错误”

else

return "错误";

}

}

测试代码：

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.junit.Test;

/**

* Created by CaoGe on 2018/4/14.

*/

public class MyUtilTest extends TestCase {

@Test

public void testNormal() {

assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));

assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(65));

assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(75));

assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(85));

assertEquals("优秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(95));

}

@Test

public void testException(){

assertEquals("不及格",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));

assertEquals("不及格",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));

}

@Test

public void testBoundary(){

assertEquals("不及格",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(0));

assertEquals("及格",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(60));

assertEquals("中等",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(70));

assertEquals("良好",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(80));

assertEquals("优秀",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(90));

assertEquals("优秀",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(100));

}

}

运行截图：

#### 二、TDD的方式研究学习StringBuffer

产品代码：

public class StringBufferExercise {

public static void main(String [] args){

StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();

buffer.append('S');

buffer.append("tringBuffer");

System.out.println(buffer.charAt(1));

System.out.println(buffer.capacity());

System.out.println(buffer.indexOf("tring"));

System.out.println("buffer = " + buffer.toString());

}

}

测试代码：

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.junit.Test;

public class StringBufferExerciseTest extends TestCase {

StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("StringBuffer");

@Test

public void testcharAt(){

assertEquals('S',buffer.charAt(0));

}

@Test

public void testcapacity(){

assertEquals(28,buffer.capacity());

}

@Test

public void testindexof(){

assertEquals(1,buffer.indexOf("tring"));

}

@Test

public void testtoString(){

assertEquals("StringBuffer",buffer.toString());

}

}

运行截图：

三、体会OCP原则和DIP原则的应用

题目要求：让系统支持Byte类，并在MyDoc类中添加测试代码表明添加正确。

产品代码如下：

import java.util.Objects;

abstract class Data {

abstract public void DisplayValue();

}

class Byte extends Data {

byte value1;

byte value2;

Byte() {

value1=53;

value2=12;

}

public void DisplayValue(){

System.out.println (value1);

System.out.println (value2);

}

}

// Pattern Classes

abstract class Factory {

abstract public Data CreateDataObject();

}

class ByteFactory extends Factory {

public Data CreateDataObject(){

return new Byte();

}

}

//Client classes

class Document {

Data data;

Document(Factory factory){

data = factory.CreateDataObject();

}

public void DisplayData(){

data.DisplayValue();

}

}

public class MyDoc {

static Document d;

MyDoc(Document d) {

this.d = d;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

d = new Document(new ByteFactory());

d.DisplayData();

}

}

运行截图如下：

四、以TDD的方式开发一个复数类Complex

要求如下：

// 定义属性并生成getter,setter

double RealPart;

double ImagePart;

// 定义构造函数

public Complex()

public Complex(double R,double I)

//Override Object

public boolean equals(Object obj)

public String toString()

// 定义公有方法:加减乘除

Complex ComplexAdd(Complex a)

Complex ComplexSub(Complex a)

Complex ComplexMulti(Complex a)

Complex ComplexDiv(Complex a)

产品代码：

public class Complex{

private double r;

private double i;

public Complex(double r, double i) {

this.r = r;

this.i = i;

}

public static double getRealPart(double r) {

return r;

}

public static double getImagePart(double i) {

return i;

}

public Complex ComplexAdd(Complex c) {

return new Complex(r + c.r, i + c.i);

}

public Complex ComplexSub(Complex c) {

return new Complex(r - c.r, i - c.i);

}

public Complex ComplexMulti(Complex c) {

return new Complex(r * c.r - i * c.i, r * c.i + i * c.r);

}

public Complex ComplexDiv(Complex c) {

return new Complex((r * c.i + i * c.r)/(c.i * c.i + c.r * c.r), (i * c.i + r * c.r)/(c.i * c.i + c.r * c.r));

}

public String toString() {

String s = " ";

if (i > 0)

s = r + "+" + i + "i";

if (i == 0)

s = r + "";

if (i < 0)

s = r + " " + i + "i";

return s;

}

}

测试代码：

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ComplexTest extends TestCase {

Complex c1 = new Complex(0, 3);

Complex c2 = new Complex(-1, -1);

Complex c3 = new Complex(2,1);

@Test

public void testgetRealPart() throws Exception {

assertEquals(-1.0, Complex.getRealPart(-1.0));

assertEquals(5.0, Complex.getRealPart(5.0));

assertEquals(0.0, Complex.getRealPart(0.0));

}

@Test

public void testgetImagePart() throws Exception {

assertEquals(-1.0, Complex.getImagePart(-1.0));

assertEquals(5.0, Complex.getImagePart(5.0));

assertEquals(0.0, Complex.getImagePart(0.0));

}

@Test

public void testComplexAdd() throws Exception {

assertEquals("-1.0+2.0i", c1.ComplexAdd(c2).toString());

assertEquals("2.0+4.0i", c1.ComplexAdd(c3).toString());

assertEquals("1.0", c2.ComplexAdd(c3).toString());

}

@Test

public void testComplexSub() throws Exception {

assertEquals("1.0+4.0i", c1.ComplexSub(c2).toString());

assertEquals("-2.0+2.0i", c1.ComplexSub(c3).toString());

assertEquals("-3.0 -2.0i", c2.ComplexSub(c3).toString());

}

@Test

public void testComplexMulti() throws Exception {

assertEquals("3.0 -3.0i", c1.ComplexMulti(c2).toString());

assertEquals("-3.0+6.0i", c1.ComplexMulti(c3).toString());

assertEquals("-1.0 -3.0i", c2.ComplexMulti(c3).toString());

}

@Test

public void testComplexComplexDiv() throws Exception {

assertEquals("-1.5 -1.5i", c1.ComplexDiv(c2).toString());

assertEquals("1.2+0.6i", c1.ComplexDiv(c3).toString());

assertEquals("-0.6 -0.6i", c2.ComplexDiv(c3).toString());

}

}

运行截图：

五、使用StarUML对实验二中的代码进行建模

我对第三个实验画了UML图

步骤

耗时

百分比

需求分析

2h

16%

设计

1h

8%

代码实现

2h

16%

测试

2h

16%

分析总结

3h

25%