在第一部分中,rtc_device_register函数调用了rtc-dev.c中的rtc_dev_prepare。
void rtc_dev_prepare(struct rtc_device *rtc)
{
if (!rtc_devt)
return;
if (rtc->id >= RTC_DEV_MAX) {
pr_debug("%s: too many RTC devices\n", rtc->name);
return;
}
rtc->dev.devt = MKDEV(MAJOR(rtc_devt), rtc->id);
#ifdef CONFIG_RTC_INTF_DEV_UIE_EMUL
INIT_WORK(&rtc->uie_task, rtc_uie_task);
setup_timer(&rtc->uie_timer, rtc_uie_timer, (unsigned long)rtc);
#endif
cdev_init(&rtc->char_dev, &rtc_dev_fops);
rtc->char_dev.owner = rtc->owner;
}
static const struct file_operations rtc_dev_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.llseek = no_llseek,
.read = rtc_dev_read,
.poll = rtc_dev_poll,
.unlocked_ioctl = rtc_dev_ioctl,
.open = rtc_dev_open,
.release = rtc_dev_release,
.fasync = rtc_dev_fasync,
};
RTC操作函数集,接下来一一讲述:
static int rtc_dev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
int err;
struct rtc_device *rtc = container_of(inode->i_cdev,
struct rtc_device, char_dev);//通过设备号找到结构体rtc
const struct rtc_class_ops *ops = rtc->ops;
if (test_and_set_bit_lock(RTC_DEV_BUSY, &rtc->flags))
return -EBUSY;
file->private_data = rtc;//赋给文件私有指针
err = ops->open ? ops->open(rtc->dev.parent) : 0;//ops中的open没有定义,对应一中的struct rtc_class_ops pcf8563_rtc_ops
if (err == 0) {
spin_lock_irq(&rtc->irq_lock);
rtc->irq_data = 0;
spin_unlock_irq(&rtc->irq_lock);
return 0;
}
/* something has gone wrong */
clear_bit_unlock(RTC_DEV_BUSY, &rtc->flags);
return err;
}
static int rtc_dev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
struct rtc_device *rtc = file->private_data;//对应rtc_dev_open中的file->private_data = rtc;
/* We shut down the repeating IRQs that userspace enabled,
* since nothing is listening to them.
* - Update (UIE) ... currently only managed through ioctls
* - Periodic (PIE) ... also used through rtc_*() interface calls
*
* Leave the alarm alone; it may be set to trigger a system wakeup
* later, or be used by kernel code, and is a one-shot event anyway.
*/
/* Keep ioctl until all drivers are converted */
rtc_dev_ioctl(file, RTC_UIE_OFF, 0);
rtc_update_irq_enable(rtc, 0);
rtc_irq_set_state(rtc, NULL, 0);
if (rtc->ops->release)
rtc->ops->release(rtc->dev.parent);
clear_bit_unlock(RTC_DEV_BUSY, &rtc->flags);
return 0;
}
static int rtc_dev_fasync(int fd, struct file *file, int on)
{
struct rtc_device *rtc = file->private_data;
return fasync_helper(fd, file, on, &rtc->async_queue);
}
static unsigned int rtc_dev_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
struct rtc_device *rtc = file->private_data;
unsigned long data;
poll_wait(file, &rtc->irq_queue, wait);
data = rtc->irq_data;
return (data != 0) ? (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM) : 0;
}
static ssize_t
rtc_dev_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct rtc_device *rtc = file->private_data;
DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
unsigned long data;
ssize_t ret;
if (count != sizeof(unsigned int) && count < sizeof(unsigned long))
return -EINVAL;
add_wait_queue(&rtc->irq_queue, &wait);
do {
__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
spin_lock_irq(&rtc->irq_lock);
data = rtc->irq_data;
rtc->irq_data = 0;
spin_unlock_irq(&rtc->irq_lock);
if (data != 0) {
ret = 0;
break;
}
if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
ret = -EAGAIN;
break;
}
if (signal_pending(current)) {
ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
break;
}
schedule();
} while (1);
set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
remove_wait_queue(&rtc->irq_queue, &wait);
if (ret == 0) {
/* Check for any data updates */
if (rtc->ops->read_callback)
data = rtc->ops->read_callback(rtc->dev.parent,
data);
if (sizeof(int) != sizeof(long) &&
count == sizeof(unsigned int))
ret = put_user(data, (unsigned int __user *)buf) ?:
sizeof(unsigned int);
else
ret = put_user(data, (unsigned long __user *)buf) ?:
sizeof(unsigned long);
}
return ret;
}
这里的read不是应用程序用来获取时间的,而是有其他的作用,他帮助应用程序周期性的完成一些工作。如果要使用这个功能,应用程序首先保证RTC驱动程序提供这样的功能。这个功能是这样实现的:进程读取/dev/rtc(n),进程睡眠直到RTC中断将他唤醒。我们可以发现,这里的睡眠
是ldd3中提到的手工睡眠。这个函数的手工休眠过程如下:首先调用DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait,
current),声明一个等待队列入口,然后调用add_wait_queue将这个入口加入到RTC的irq等待队列里,然后进入循环。在循环里首先
把进程的状态改成TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE,这样进程就不能再被调度运行。但是现在进程还在运行,没有进入睡眠状态。程序然后读取RTC里面的irq_data,如果不是零,那么程序跳出这个循环,进程不会睡眠。因为这个irq_data在rtc的中断处理程序会被赋值,而读过之后就会清零,
所以如果数据不是零的话说明发生过一次中断。如果是零那么没有发生中断,调用schedule,进程会被调度出可运行队列,从而让出处理器,真正进入睡眠。跳出循环代表被唤醒,然后将进程状态改变为可运行,移除等待队列入口。最后将读回的数据传给用户空间。