linux mysql软件_「Linux」 - 常用软件安装-MySql

一、TIPS

1.5.6版本使用mysql_install_db安装；5.7版本中被废弃，使用--initialize，进行初始化安装

2.初始化时，使用--initialize-insecure生成无密码root账户

3.配置文件查找顺序mysql --help | grep my.cnf结果如下/etc/my.cnf->/etc/mysql/my.cnf->/usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf->~/.my.cnf

二、安装前准备

# 关闭SELinux

getenforce

setenforce 0

getenforce

# 关闭iptables

iptables -L

iptables -F

service iptables stop

# 关闭firewall(CentOS 7.x)

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

firewall-cmd --state

# 修改IO调用模式为deadline(默认为cfq模式)

cat /sys/block/vda/queue/scheduler

noop anticipatory deadline [cfq]

vim /etc/grub.conf

elevator=deadline

# swap分区设置查看(0表示积极使用物理内存，容易导致内存溢出；100表示积极使用swap分区，把内存数据搬到swap)

cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

60

sysctl -a | grep swap

vm.swappiness = 60

# swap分区设置

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.swappiness = NEW_VALUE

三、二进制解压安装，京东云(CentOS 6.8、MySQL 5.7)

在各种测试环境安装MySQL版本，已经疲了，总结下来二进制安装包步骤虽然多，但是都可控，其他方式可能因为网络不通，GLIBC版本不正确等各种问题。

二进制软件包，官方GA版本已进把所有东西都配置完成，选择Linux-Generic下载即可。

# 删除mysql相关

rpm -qa | grep mysql

yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

# 下载二进制包

wget https://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

tar -vxzf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

# 增加mysql用户

groupadd mysql

useradd mysql -g mysql

mkdir data

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

chmod -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/

chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/

chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/data/

# 新增my.cnf配置

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]

#自动补全

no-auto-rehash

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql/

# 测试库，线上库需要挂载到大硬盘

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

max_connections=2048

#max_allowed_packet = 128M

#open_files_limit = 65535

#sort_buffer_size = 2M

#join_buffer_size = 2M

#query_cache_size = 32M

#tmp_table_size = 96M

#max_heap_table_size = 96M

#key_buffer_size = 32M

#net_buffer_length = 8K

#read_buffer_size = 1M

#read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

#thread_cache_size = 51

#back_log = 103

#table_open_cache = 64

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

#log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin

#sync_binlog = 1

#binlog_cache_size = 5M

#binlog_format = row

#max_binlog_cache_size = 128M

#max_binlog_size = 1024M

#expire_logs_days = 7

#slow_query_log = 1

#slow_query_log = /usr/local/mysql/data/slow.log

#long_query_time = 0.5

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

# init

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

# 启动文件

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

service mysql stop

service mysql start

# 修改密码

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

grep "password" /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log --color

mysql -uroot -p

# 设置新密码

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('NEW-PASSWORD');

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

mysql> CREATE USER '_root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEW-PASSWORD';

# 增加远程用户

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '_root'@'%';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

四、yum安装(Centos 7.4、MySQL 5.7)

对于和以上步骤相同的部分省略。

# 系统信息

cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

Server version: 5.7.22 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

# 停止mysql进程

pkill -9 mysqld

# 下载mysql源(注意版本与系统保持一致)

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

yum -y install mysql-server

service mysqld restart

五、本地rpm安装

# 下载rpm安装包

wget https://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

tar -vxf mysql-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

# init

service mysqld restart

Initializing MySQL database: /usr/sbin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory [FAILED]

# 解决libnuma.so.1失败

yum install numactl.x86_64

已安装:

numactl.x86_64 0:2.0.9-2.el6

# 进行安全设置

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation