Linux函数sighold例子,[转载]linux信号屏蔽字

1. 概念:

信号屏蔽字就是进程中被阻塞的信号集, 这些信号不能发送给该进程, 它们在该进程中被"屏蔽"了. 后面我们会提到,

实际上它们是被阻塞了.

2. 信号屏蔽函数:

#include

int sigprocmask(int how, const sigset_t *restrict set, sigset_t

*restrict oset);

成功则返回0, 出错则返回-1.

sigprocmask函数有3个参数:

how: 修改信号屏蔽字的方式.

set: 把这个信号集设为新的当前信号屏蔽字. 如果为NULL则不改变.

oset: 保存进程旧的信号屏蔽字. 如果为NULL则不保存.

参数中的how可以取3个值:

sigprocmask中的how参数 how 说明

SIG_BLOCK 修改后, 该进程新的信号屏蔽字是其当前屏蔽字和set指向的信号集的并集.

SIG_UNBLOCK 修改后, 该进程新的信号屏蔽字是其当前屏蔽字和set指向的信号集的补集的交集.

SIG_SETMASK 修改后, 该进程新的信号屏蔽字将被set指向的信号集的值代替

另外要说的是, sigprocmask只为单线程定义的,

在多线程中要使用pthread_sigmask.

3. 未处理的信号:

在调用信号屏蔽的相关函数后, 被屏蔽的信号对于调用进程是阻塞的, 不能发送给调用进程, 因此是未决的. 取得这些阻塞的信号集,

可以通过调用sigpending函数.

#include

int sigpending(sigset_t *set);

成功则返回0, 出错则返回-1.

4. 实例:

下面通过一个简单的实例来说明这篇文章中所讲到的两个函数.

#include

#include

#include

#include

static void sig_quit(int signo)

{

printf("SIGQUIT is caught ");

}

int main()

{

sigset_t

new, old, pend;

if

(signal(SIGQUIT, sig_quit) == SIG_ERR)

{

perror("signal");

exit(1);

}

if

(sigemptyset(&new) < 0)

perror("sigemptyset");

if

(sigaddset(&new, SIGQUIT) < 0)

perror("sigaddset");

if

(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &new,

&old) < 0)

{

perror("sigprocmask");

exit(1);

}

printf("SIGQUIT is blocked ");

printf("Now

try Ctrl  ");

sleep(5);

if

(sigpending(&pend) < 0)

perror("sigpending");

if

(sigismember(&pend, SIGQUIT))

printf("SIGQUIT pending ");

if

(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &old, NULL)

< 0)

{

perror("sigprocmask");

exit(1);

}

printf("

SIGQUIT unblocked ");

printf("Now

try Ctrl  ");

sleep(5);

return

0;

}

这个程序在开始的时候用sigprocmask屏蔽了SIGQUIT(ctrl+触发),

在5秒内触发的该信号将可以从sigpending中获得; 然后程序把SIGQUIT解除屏蔽(恢复以前的屏蔽字),

此时再触发该信号将调用sig_quit信号处理函数.

附：signal.h

#ifndef _SIGNAL_H

#if !defined __need_sig_atomic_t

&& !defined __need_sigset_t

# define _SIGNAL_H

#endif

#include

__BEGIN_DECLS

#include

#if defined __need_sig_atomic_t || defined _SIGNAL_H

# ifndef __sig_atomic_t_defined

# define __sig_atomic_t_defined

__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD

typedef __sig_atomic_t sig_atomic_t;

__END_NAMESPACE_STD

# endif

# undef __need_sig_atomic_t

#endif

#if defined __need_sigset_t || (defined _SIGNAL_H

&& defined __USE_POSIX)

# ifndef __sigset_t_defined

# define __sigset_t_defined

typedef __sigset_t sigset_t;

# endif

# undef __need_sigset_t

#endif

#ifdef _SIGNAL_H

#include

#include

#ifdef __USE_XOPEN

# ifndef __pid_t_defined

typedef __pid_t pid_t;

# define __pid_t_defined

# endif

# ifndef __uid_t_defined

typedef __uid_t uid_t;

# define __uid_t_defined

# endif

#endif

typedef void (*__sighandler_t) (int);

extern __sighandler_t __sysv_signal (int __sig, __sighandler_t

__handler)

__THROW;

#ifdef __USE_GNU

extern __sighandler_t sysv_signal (int __sig, __sighandler_t

__handler)

__THROW;

#endif

__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD

#ifdef __USE_BSD

extern __sighandler_t signal (int __sig, __sighandler_t __handler)

__THROW;

#else

# ifdef __REDIRECT

extern __sighandler_t __REDIRECT (signal,

(int __sig,

__sighandler_t __handler) __THROW,

__sysv_signal);

# else

# define signal __sysv_signal

# endif

#endif

__END_NAMESPACE_STD

#ifdef __USE_XOPEN

extern __sighandler_t bsd_signal (int __sig, __sighandler_t

__handler) __THROW;

#endif

#ifdef __USE_POSIX

extern int kill (__pid_t __pid, int __sig) __THROW;

#endif

#if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED

extern int killpg (__pid_t __pgrp, int __sig) __THROW;

#endif

__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD

extern int raise (int __sig) __THROW;

__END_NAMESPACE_STD

#ifdef __USE_SVID

extern __sighandler_t ssignal (int __sig, __sighandler_t __handler)

__THROW;

extern int gsignal (int __sig) __THROW;

#endif

#ifdef __USE_MISC

extern void psignal (int __sig, __const char *__s) __THROW;

#endif

extern int __sigpause (int __sig_or_mask, int __is_sig)

__THROW;

#ifdef __USE_BSD

extern int sigpause (int __mask) __THROW;

# define sigpause(mask) __sigpause ((mask), 0)

#else

# ifdef __USE_XOPEN

# ifdef __GNUC__

extern int sigpause (int __sig) __THROW __asm__

("__xpg_sigpause");

# endif

# define sigpause(sig) __sigpause ((sig),

1)

# endif

#endif

#ifdef __USE_BSD

# define sigmask(sig) __sigmask(sig)

extern int sigblock (int __mask) __THROW;

extern int sigsetmask (int __mask) __THROW;

extern int siggetmask (void) __THROW;

#endif

#ifdef __USE_MISC

# define NSIG _NSIG

#endif

#ifdef __USE_GNU

typedef __sighandler_t sighandler_t;

#endif

#ifdef __USE_BSD

typedef __sighandler_t sig_t;

#endif

#ifdef __USE_POSIX

# ifdef __USE_POSIX199309

# define __need_timespec

# include

# include

# endif

extern int sigemptyset (sigset_t *__set) __THROW;

extern int sigfillset (sigset_t *__set) __THROW;

extern int sigaddset (sigset_t *__set, int __signo) __THROW;

extern int sigdelset (sigset_t *__set, int __signo) __THROW;

extern int sigismember (__const sigset_t *__set, int __signo)

__THROW;

# ifdef __USE_GNU

extern int sigisemptyset (__const sigset_t *__set) __THROW;

extern int sigandset (sigset_t *__set, __const sigset_t

*__left,

__const sigset_t *__right) __THROW;

extern int sigorset (sigset_t *__set, __const sigset_t

*__left,

__const sigset_t *__right) __THROW;

# endif

# include

extern int sigprocmask (int __how, __const sigset_t *__restrict

__set,

sigset_t

*__restrict __oset) __THROW;

extern int sigsuspend (__const sigset_t *__set) __THROW;

extern int sigaction (int __sig, __const struct sigaction

*__restrict __act,

struct sigaction *__restrict __oact) __THROW;

extern int sigpending (sigset_t *__set) __THROW;

extern int sigwait (__const sigset_t *__restrict __set, int

*__restrict __sig)

__THROW;

# ifdef __USE_POSIX199309

extern int sigwaitinfo (__const sigset_t *__restrict __set,

siginfo_t

*__restrict __info) __THROW;

extern int sigtimedwait (__const sigset_t *__restrict __set,

siginfo_t

*__restrict __info,

__const

struct timespec *__restrict __timeout)

__THROW;

extern int sigqueue (__pid_t __pid, int __sig, __const union sigval

__val)

__THROW;

# endif

#endif

#ifdef __USE_BSD

extern __const char *__const _sys_siglist[_NSIG];

extern __const char *__const sys_siglist[_NSIG];

struct sigvec

{

__sighandler_t sv_handler; int

sv_mask;

int

sv_flags; # define sv_onstack sv_flags

};

# define SV_ONSTACK (1

<< 0)

# define SV_INTERRUPT (1

<< 1)

# define SV_RESETHAND (1

<< 2)

extern int sigvec (int __sig, __const struct sigvec *__vec,

struct sigvec *__ovec) __THROW;

# include

extern int sigreturn (struct sigcontext *__scp) __THROW;

#endif

#if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED

extern int siginterrupt (int __sig, int __interrupt) __THROW;

# include

# ifdef __USE_XOPEN

# include

# endif

extern int sigstack (struct sigstack *__ss, struct sigstack *__oss)

__THROW;

extern int sigaltstack (__const struct sigaltstack *__restrict

__ss,

struct

sigaltstack *__restrict __oss) __THROW;

#endif

#ifdef __USE_UNIX98

extern int sighold (int __sig) __THROW;

extern int sigrelse (int __sig) __THROW;

extern int sigignore (int __sig) __THROW;

extern __sighandler_t sigset (int __sig, __sighandler_t __disp)

__THROW;

#endif

#if defined __USE_POSIX199506 || defined __USE_UNIX98

# include

# include

#endif

extern int __libc_current_sigrtmin (void) __THROW;

extern int __libc_current_sigrtmax (void) __THROW;

#endif

__END_DECLS

#endif