搭建ipv6有状态dhcp服务器,1-ipv6服务器之-dhcpv6(isc-dhcp)

Ubuntu搭建dhcpv6服务器来分配IP给路由器/电脑，比较常用的就是isc-dhcp(Internet Systems Consortium)

1. 安装isc-dhcp服务器

上去找到最新的版本，如dhcp-4.2.1.tar.gz，下载后在 Ubuntu上编译安装。

命令如下：

先解压dhcp-4.2.1.tar.gz ，命令tar -xzf dhcp-4.2.1.tar.gz

然后进到该目录下，执行下列的命令：

# ./configure

# make

# sudo make install

2. 配置isc-dhcp服务器参数

安装完后，建一个文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf,添加配置内容

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

log-facility local7;

subnet6 2001:db8:0:1::/64 {

# Range for clients

range6 2001:db8:0:1::129 2001:db8:0:1::254;

# Range for clients requesting a temporary address

range6 2001:db8:0:1::/64 temporary;

# Additional options

option dhcp6.name-servers fec0:0:0:1::1;

option dhcp6.domain-search "domain.example";

# Prefix range for delegation to sub-routers

prefix6 2001:db8:0:100:: 2001:db8:0:f00:: /56;

# Example for a fixed host address

host specialclient {

host-identifier option dhcp6.client-id 00:01:00:01:4a:1f:ba:e3:60:b9:1f:01:23:45;

fixed-address6 2001:db8:0:1::127;

}

}

配置里面的参数都有各自的含义

然后在 /var/db下添加一个空文件dhcpd6.leases

sudo touch /var/db/dhcpd6.leases

查看网卡的信息为eth0

linye@ubuntu:/$ ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:75:a2:91

inet addr:192.168.62.128 Bcast:192.168.62.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:a291/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:23242 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:22975 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:1847101 (1.8 MB) TX bytes:51394431 (51.3 MB)

3. 启动、停止

在运行 ISC-DHCP之前，你需要把eth0接口地址设置成上面subnet6网段2001:db8:0:1::/64的信息，这样才可以分配地址给下面的设备，如下：

sudo ifconfig eth0 add 2001:db8:0:1::1/64

linye@ubuntu:/$ ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:75:a2:91

inet addr:192.168.62.128 Bcast:192.168.62.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:a291/64 Scope:Link

inet6 addr: 2001:db8:0:1::1/64 Scope:Global

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:23347 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:23004 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:1854962 (1.8 MB) TX bytes:51398868 (51.3 MB)

然后启动dhcpv6服务器：

linye@ubuntu:/$ sudo dhcpd -6 -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf eth0

Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.4.2

Copyright 2004-2020 Internet Systems Consortium.

All rights reserved.

For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

WARNING: Host declarations are global. They are not limited to the scope you declared them in.

Config file: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf

Database file: /var/db/dhcpd6.leases

PID file: /var/run/dhcpd6.pid

Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file.

Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file.

Wrote 1 NA, 0 TA, 0 PD leases to lease file.

Bound to *:547

Listening on Socket/6/eth0/2001:db8:0:1::/64

Sending on Socket/6/eth0/2001:db8:0:1::/64

linye@ubuntu:/$ ps -aux| grep dhcp

root 4649 0.4 0.1 12540 4504 ? Ss 17:54 0:00 dhcpd -6 -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf eth0

linye 4651 0.0 0.0 15944 932 pts/0 S+ 17:54 0:00 grep --color=auto dhcp

停止的话需要手动kill这个进程

killall dhcpd

将ubuntu服务器的eth0网口接到另一台电脑，查看是否获取到正常的IPv6地址

如果不行看下防火墙的状态，如果是开启的则关闭下：

linye@ubuntu:/$ sudo ufw disable

linye@ubuntu:/$ sudo ufw status

Status: inactive

当有设备从服务器获取到ipv6地址后，可以在/var/db/dhcpd6.leases下查看到设备信息