android蓝牙静默配对,android通过蓝牙连接打印机实现格式化打印

上周某杰同学遇到了蓝牙连接打印机的问题，来请教笔者，于是乎便各种百度终于解决了问题。本文对于这个问题做详细说明与记录来帮助各位看官解决类似问题，也方便以后用到的时候查询。

如标题描述，分为以下两个问题：

1.  蓝牙连接打印机(本文)

2.  实现格式化打印(下一篇文章介绍)

对于蓝牙想来大家应该都比较熟悉，基础知识便不再赘述，如有不懂的可以留言或者自行百度，本文重点介绍android实现蓝牙连接的流程和相关代码。

1.判断设备是否支持并打开蓝牙

//判断设备是否支持蓝牙

BlueToothAdapter adapter=BlueToothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

if(adapter==null){

//设备不支持蓝牙

Toast.makeText(this, "本机没有找到蓝牙硬件或驱动！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return;

}

//比较暴力的方式(静默打开蓝牙),需要BlueTooth_Admin权限

if(!adapter.isEnabled){//蓝牙没有开启

adapter.enable();

}

//关闭蓝牙

adapter.disable();

//弹出对话框提示后开启蓝牙,用户点击了允许会收到RESULT_OK 否则RESULT_CANCELED

Intent mIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(mIntent, 1);

//在onActivityResult中做相关处理

@Override

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

if (requestCode == 1) {

if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {

Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙已经开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

} else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {

Toast.makeText(this, "不允许蓝牙开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

finish();

}

}

}

2.获取已配对过的设备，返回结果是Set

Setdevices = adapter.getBondedDevices();

if(devices.size()>0) {

for(BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice:devices) {

bondDevices.add(bluetoothDevice);

}

}

3.检索周围的设备

//开启检索：

adapter.startDiscovery();

设备检索是通过广播的方式接收的，分为注册intentFilter和处理广播两部分

//注册intentFilter

IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();

intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);

registerReceiver(receiver,intentFilter);

这里的action选项看源码(限于篇幅，列出部分):

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_FOUND = "android.bluetooth.device.action.FOUND";//发现新设备

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_DISAPPEARED = "android.bluetooth.device.action.DISAPPEARED";//设备变为不可见

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_CLASS_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.device.action.CLASS_CHANGED";

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED = "android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED";//连接完成

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED = "android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED";//断开连接请求

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED ="android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED";//断开连接

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_NAME_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.device.action.NAME_CHANGED";//蓝牙设备名称变化

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)

public static final String ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.device.action.BOND_STATE_CHANGED";//绑定状态发生变化的广播

public static final String EXTRA_DEVICE = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.DEVICE";//接收到发现新设备的广播的时候从intent中获取数据的key

public static final String EXTRA_NAME = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.NAME";//获取设备名字的key

public static final String EXTRA_BOND_STATE = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.BOND_STATE";//获取配对状态的key

//在receiver中的处理，本文只列出了发现新设备的广播的接收处理

private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

@Override

public void onReceive(Context context,Intent intent){

String action = intent.getAction();

BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

if(device.getBondState()==BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {

//已配对设备

addBondDevicesToListView(device);

} else {

//未配对设备

addUnbondDevicesToListView(device);

}

}

};

4.设备配对

//设备的配对是通过反射实现的,调用的是createBond方法,返回值可以判断是否配对成功

try {

Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");

boolean result = createBondMethod.invoke(unbondDevices.get(arg2));

} catch (Exception e) {

Toast.makeText(BluetoothActivity.this,e.getMessage(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

5.配对完成后开始正常通信       蓝牙通信的本质是蓝牙套接字，即BluetoothSocket,除了以下代码就是一些关于流的操作。

public void connect(){

if(!isConnection) {

try {

bluetoothSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);

bluetoothSocket.connect();

if(device.getBondState()==BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {

outputStream = bluetoothSocket.getOutputStream();

isConnection = true;

if(bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {

System.out.println("关闭适配器！");

bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering();

}

}

} catch (Exception e) {

Toast.makeText(PrintDataActivity.this,"连接失败！",1).show();

}

Toast.makeText(PrintDataActivity.this,device.getName()+"连接成功！",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

} else {

Toast.makeText(PrintDataActivity.this,"设备已连接",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}

关键代码就两句话:

bluetoothSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);

bluetoothSocket.connect();

通过device.getBondState()==BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED判断是否连接成功

补充uuid的定义，固定的不用改:

private static final UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");

6.权限的注册

如果使用adapter.enable()需要注册另外一个权限

另外别忘记了广播的注册和反注册。

至此关于android中蓝牙的基本使用介绍完毕，如有疑问可自行百度或者留言。

打印相关的知识和代码将在下篇文章中介绍，敬请期待。