linux7创建LVM,CentOS7下LVM的简单创建

一、环境：CentOS7虚拟机，挂载了一块2G硬盘

二、配置过程：

1、给硬盘分区：

创建三个分区，前两个512M，最后一个默认大小，1G多一些，最后一个默认指定大小，具体操作根据自己环境而定。把分区都改成Linux LVM格式就好了。

Command (m for help): p    //查看分区表

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xbe89015f

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System

Command (m for help): n    //创建分区

Partition type:

p  primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

e  extended

Select (default p): p    //主分区

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-4194303, default 2048):

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-4194303, default 4194303): +512M    //指定大小

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 512 MiB is set

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p  primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

e  extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2

First sector (1050624-4194303, default 1050624):

Using default value 1050624

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (1050624-4194303, default 4194303): +512M

Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 512 MiB is set

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p  primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)

e  extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (3,4, default 3):

First sector (2099200-4194303, default 2099200):

Using default value 2099200

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-4194303, default 4194303):    //默认剩下全部大小

Using default value 4194303

Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 1023 MiB is set

Command (m for help): w    //保存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xbe89015f

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sdb1            2048    1050623      524288  83  Linux

/dev/sdb2        1050624    2099199      524288  83  Linux

/dev/sdb3        2099200    4194303    1047552  83  Linux

Command (m for help): t    //修改分区类型

Partition number (1-3, default 3): 1    //选择分区

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e    //更变为Linux LVM类型分区，8e为分区代码，l可以查看

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-3, default 3): 2

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xbe89015f

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sdb1            2048    1050623      524288  8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sdb2        1050624    2099199      524288  8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sdb3        2099200    4194303    1047552  8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

2、创建物理卷：

命令：pv系列命令

root@localhost ~]# pv

pvchange  pvcreate  pvmove    pvresize  pvscan

pvck      pvdisplay  pvremove  pvs

创建物理卷：选择自己要创建的分区

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3}    //用sdb1，sdb2，sdb3三个分区来创建物理卷

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.

Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.

简单查看物理卷：

[root@localhost ~]# pvs

PV        VG Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree

/dev/sdb1    lvm2 ---  512.00m  512.00m

/dev/sdb2    lvm2 ---  512.00m  512.00m

/dev/sdb3    lvm2 ---  1023.00m 1023.00m

详细查看：

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay

"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "512.00 MiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name              /dev/sdb1

VG Name

PV Size              512.00 MiB

Allocatable          NO

PE Size              0

Total PE              0

Free PE              0

Allocated PE          0

PV UUID              413TpT-NC3F-ch3r-3xsy-TW10-P3Rr-qT6dm5

"/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "1023.00 MiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name              /dev/sdb3

VG Name

PV Size              1023.00 MiB

Allocatable          NO

PE Size              0

Total PE              0

Free PE              0

Allocated PE          0

PV UUID              DDu25l-PBlg-sRJY-qgl1-Io3s-ezmj-KVuZCT

"/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "512.00 MiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name              /dev/sdb2

VG Name

PV Size              512.00 MiB

Allocatable          NO

PE Size              0

Total PE              0

Free PE              0

Allocated PE          0

PV UUID              Z5QKKi-RoKG-MZ1b-ed3s-Ibgg-eyAr-PDK0kV

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PE(physical extent)：物理区域是物理卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，物理区域大小在建立卷组时指定，一旦确定不能更改，同一卷组所有物理卷的物理区域大小需一致，新的pv加入到vg后，pe的大小自动更改为vg中定义的pe大小。

LE(logical extent)：逻辑区域是逻辑卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，逻辑区域的大小取决于逻辑卷所在卷组中的物理区域的大小。

卷组描述区域：卷组描述区域存在于每个物理卷中，用于描述物理卷本身、物理卷所属卷组、卷组中逻辑卷、逻辑卷中物理区域的分配等所有信息，它是在使用pvcreate建立物理卷时建立的。

3、创建卷组：vg系列命令

[root@localhost ~]# vg

vgcfgbackup    vgconvert      vgextend      vgmknodes      vgs

vgcfgrestore  vgcreate      vgimport      vgreduce      vgscan

vgchange      vgdisplay      vgimportclone  vgremove      vgsplit

vgck          vgexport      vgmerge        vgrename

创建卷组，名字可以随意起

[root@localhost ~]# vgremove myvg

Volume group "myvg" successfully removed

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 16M myvg /dev/sdb{1,2,3}

Volume group "myvg" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# vgs

VG  #PV #LV #SN Attr  VSize VFree

myvg  3  0  0 wz--n- 1.95g 1.95g

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name              myvg

System ID

Format                lvm2

Metadata Areas        3

Metadata Sequence No  1

VG Access            read/write

VG Status            resizable

MAX LV                0

Cur LV                0

Open LV              0

Max PV                0

Cur PV                3

Act PV                3

VG Size              1.95 GiB

PE Size              16.00 MiB

Total PE              125

Alloc PE / Size      0 / 0

Free  PE / Size      125 / 1.95 GiB

VG UUID              3Eu9GX-U4ip-mxSF-zibe-7802-8Suh-38b4dG

创建逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 1.4G -n mylv myvg /dev/sdb{1,3}    //-L 指定大小，-n指定名称

Rounding up size to full physical extent 1.41 GiB

Logical volume "mylv" created.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs    //简单查看信息

LV  VG  Attr      LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mylv myvg -wi-a----- 1.41g

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay    //详细查看信息

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path                /dev/myvg/mylv

LV Name                mylv

VG Name                myvg

LV UUID                coMhuV-ywOe-FEbm-SkQd-upfQ-0era-cCfqHy

LV Write Access        read/write

LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2017-05-17 16:30:37 +0800

LV Status              available

# open                0

LV Size                1.41 GiB

Current LE            90

Segments              2

Allocation            inherit

Read ahead sectors    auto

- currently set to    8192

Block device          253:0

格式化：

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv

mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

92160 inodes, 368640 blocks

18432 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=377487360

12 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

7680 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (8192 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

3、挂载使用

查看物理位置：

[root@localhost ~]# ll /dev/myvg/mylv

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 May 17 16:30 /dev/myvg/mylv -> ../dm-0

挂载到目录并进行读写操作：

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv  /mnt

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/test

[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/ > /mnt/test/test.txt

[root@localhost ~]# cat /mnt/test/test.txt

lost+found

test

如果有问题欢迎留言。